西藏拉鲁湿地水质净化功能研究  

Study on the Water Purification Function of Lhalu Wetland in Tibet

作　　者：王祝 邵蓓 周会东 冯源强 邱豪 李梁婷 胡亚燕 苏思强 WANG Zhu;SHAO Bei;ZHOU Hui-dong;FENG Yuan-qiang;QIU Hao;LI Liang-ting;HU Ya-yan;SU Si-qiang(Central Laboratory of Tibet Bureau of Geology and Exploration,Lhasa 850000,Tibet,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区地质矿产勘查开发局中心实验室,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2024年第2期34-38,44,共6页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ202001ZR0079G)。

摘　　要：为研究拉鲁湿地对水环境的净化效果,本文通过对拉鲁湿地入水口、出水口不同污染物的浓度对比,分析了不同季节拉鲁湿地对感官指标、氮磷营养盐、金属元素、阴离子等的去除率。结果表明:枯水期拉鲁湿地对水体中悬浮物、浊度、色度的最大去除率分别达46.4%、91.9%、100%,丰水期最大去除率分别达86.2%、95.7%、42.9%。拉鲁湿地水体在不同季节均存在不同程度的营养盐污染,枯水期总氮、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、总磷的最大去除率分别达60.7%、77.6%、74.6%、100%,丰水期分别达84.2%、100%、84.9%、100%。拉鲁湿地水体暂未受到重金属污染,但对金属元素仍具有显著的净化作用,其综合去除率从大到小依次为:Pb(100%)>Fe(96.4%)>Mn(91.0%)>As(83.3%)>Cu(82.4%)>Zn(79.8%)>Co(53.6%)>V(49.0%)>Mo(38.7%)>Ni(36.4%)。拉鲁湿地对水体中阴离子也有一定的净化作用,枯水期氟化物、硫酸盐的最大去除率分别为20.0%、3.28%,丰水期最大去除率分别为20.0%、27.1%。由于水温、植物及微生物丰度的影响,丰水期拉鲁湿地的净化能力明显优于枯水期。In order to study the purification effect of Lhalu wetland on water environment,this paper analyzes the removal rate in different seasons of sensual indicators,nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients,metal elements and anions in Lhalu wetland,by comparing the concentration of different pollutants in the inlet and outlet of Lhalu wetland.The results show that,the maximum removal rates of suspended solids,turbidity,and colority in the dry season were 46.4%,91.9% and 100%,respectively,and the maximum removal rates in the wet season were 86.2%,95.7% and 42.9%,respectively.Varying levels of nutrients pollution were found in the water body of Lhalu wetland in different seasons.The maximum removal rates of total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and total phosphorus in the dry season were 60.7%,77.6%,74.6% and 100%,respectively,while the maximum removal rates reached 84.2%,100%,84.9% and 100%,respectively,in the wet season.The water body of Lhalu wetland has not yet been polluted by heavy metals,but it still has a significant purification effect on metal elements.The comprehensive removal rates from large to small were:Pb(100%)>Fe(96.4%)>Mn(91.0%)>As(83.3%)>Cu(82.4%)>Zn(79.8%)>Co(53.6%)>V(49.0%)>Mo(38.7%)>Ni(36.4%).Lhalu wetland also has a certain purification effect on anions in water.The maximum removal rates of fluoride and sulfate in dry season were 20.0% and 3.28% respectively,and the maximum removal rates in wet season were 20.0% and 27.1% respectively.Due to the influence of water temperature,plant and microbial abundance,the purification capacity of Lhalu wetland in wet season was significantly better than that in dry season.

关 键 词：拉鲁湿地 水质 净化 去除率 西藏 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]