不同有机物料对滩涂盐碱地有机碳损失·重金属含量及水稻产量的影响  

Effects of Different Organic Materials on Organic Carbon Loss,Heavy Metal Content and Rice Yield in Saline-alkali Mudflats

作　　者：汪帆 彭昊 李文平 陈超 傅鹏霄 姚宇阗 WANG Fan;PENG Hao;LI Wen-ping(Jiangsu Coastal Ecological Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019)

机构地区：[1]江苏沿海生态科技发展有限公司,江苏南京210019 [2]江苏省沿海开发集团有限公司,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第8期83-85,91,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省沿海开发集团有限公司科研项目(2022YHTDZZ01)。

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验,研究不同有机物料(对照CK、鸡粪T_(1)、羊粪T_(2)、菌菇渣T_(3)、生物腐植酸T_(4))在等有机碳投入量下滩涂盐碱地中有机碳损失、土壤各类有机质分布及其对土壤重金属含量及水稻产量的影响。结果表明,不同有机物料施入土壤后,T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(4)有机碳损失率分别为64.52%、58.69%、47.04%和29.56%;未损失部分转化为土壤有机质,虽然T_(3)处理有机碳损失率较低,但土壤中的活性有机质占比低于其他处理。T_(3)、T_(4)能降低滩涂盐碱地土壤中的有效态汞、砷、镉、铅、铬含量,其中以T_(4)效果最好,T_(1)、T_(2)处理能降低汞、镉、铬有效态含量,但在一定程度上分别增加有效态砷、有效态铅含量。T_(1)~T_(4)对水稻有效穗、穗粒数有显著提高作用,较对照分别增产10.17%、14.03%、6.65%和24.52%,其中T_(4)能显著增加水稻穗粒数。由此可见,在滩涂盐碱地综合改良利用中,生物腐植酸在有机碳损失率、增加土壤活性有机质、降低土壤重金属含量及提高水稻产量方面具有较显著优势,是滩涂盐碱地改良的优良有机物料投入品。A field plot experiment was conducted to study the loss of organic carbon,the distribution of soil organic matter,and their effects on soil heavy metal content and rice yield under the same amount of organic carbon input of different organic materials(CK,chicken manure T_(1),sheep manure T_(2),mushroom residue T_(3),and biological humic acid T_(4))in mudflat saline alkali land.The results showed that after applying different organic materials to the soil,the organic carbon loss rates of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3)and T_(4)were 64.52%,58.69%,47.04%,and 29.56%,respectively;the undisturbed portion was converted into soil organic matter.Although the T_(3)treatment had a lower organic carbon loss rate,the proportion of active organic matter in the soil was lower than other treatments.T_(3)and T_(4)could reduce the content of available mercury,arsenic,cadmium,lead and chromium in mudflat saline alkali soil,of which T_(4)was the best.T_(1)and T_(2)treatments could reduce the content of available mercury,cadmium and chromium,but to a certain extent,they could increase the content of available arsenic and available lead respectively.T_(1)-T_(4)significantly increased the effective panicle and grain number of rice,with an increase of 10.17%,14.03%,6.65%and 24.52%compared to the control,respectively.Among them,T_(4)significantly increased the grain number of rice panicles.It could be seen that in the comprehensive improvement and utilization of mudflat saline alkali land,biological humic acid had significant advantages in terms of organic carbon loss rate,increasing soil active organic matter,reducing soil heavy metal content and improving rice yield,and was an excellent organic material input for the improvement of mudflat saline alkali land.

关 键 词：滩涂盐碱地 有机碳损失率 有机物料 重金属含量 水稻产量 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]