血流感染患者血培养病原菌分布研究  

Study on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture of patients with bloodstream infection

作　　者：陈洁萍 CHEN Jie-ping(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Guangning County People's Hospital,Zhaoqing Guangdong Province 526300,China)

机构地区：[1]广宁县人民医院检验科,广东肇庆526300

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2024年第3期8-12,共5页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：目的探讨血流感染患者血培养病原菌分布情况及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法回顾性分析广宁县人民医院2019年1月-2020年12月门、急诊及住院患者血培养阳性标本288份,采用菌株鉴定及药敏试验分析血流感染患者血培养病原菌分布情况及耐药性。结果288份标本共分离出291株病原菌,血培养病原菌多分布在感染/肿瘤科(45.02%)、呼吸内科(14.09%)、血透科(8.59%)、重症监护科(6.53%)、泌尿外科(4.47%)。291株病原菌中以大肠埃希菌(41.58%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(11.68%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(11.00%)为主。大肠埃希菌对头孢呋辛酯、头孢呋辛钠、头孢曲松等表现出较强的耐药性,肺炎克雷伯菌对复方新诺明A、头孢曲松、头孢呋辛钠、头孢呋辛酯等表现出较强的耐药性,金黄色葡萄球菌对哌拉西林、青霉素G、红霉素等表现出较强的耐药性。结论血流感染患者血培养病原菌以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为主,且多分布于感染/肿瘤科、呼吸内科、血透科、重症监护科、泌尿外科,不同病原菌对抗菌药物敏感性不同,临床需加强监测,根据耐药性选择合适抗菌药物治疗,以达到控制感染的目的。Objective To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture of patients with bloodstream infection,to provide reference for rational drug use in clinical practice.Methods A total of 288 positive blood culture specimens from outpatient,emergency and inpatient patients at Guangning County People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Strain identification and drug sensitivity tests were used to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of blood culture pathogens in patients with bloodstream infections.Results A total of 291 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 288 specimens.Blood culture pathogenic bacteria were mainly distributed in the infection/oncology department(45.02%),respiratory medicine department(14.09%),hemodialysis department(8.59%),intensive care department(6.53%)and urology department(4.47%).Among the 291 strains of pathogenic bacteria,Escherichia coli(41.58%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(11.68%)and Staphylococcus aureus(11.00%)were the main ones.Escherichia coli showed strong resistance to cefuroxime axetil,cefuroxime sodium,ceftriaxone,etc.,Klebsiella pneumoniae showed strong resistance to compound neomycin A,ceftriaxone,ceftazidime axetil and cefuroxime sodium,etc.,Staphylococcus aureus showed strong resistance to piperacillin,penicillin G,erythromycin,etc.Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria in blood culture of patients with bloodstream infection were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus,which were mainly distributed in infection/oncology department,respiratory medicine department,hemodialysis department,intensive care department and urology department.Different pathogenic bacteria had different sensitivities to antibiotics,and clinical monitoring should be strengthened and select appropriate antibiotics for treatment based on drug resistance,in order to achieve the goal of controlling infection.

关 键 词：血流感染 血培养 病原菌 分布特点 药敏试验 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]