风化矿选矿技术现状与进展  

Present situation and progress of beneficiation technology for weathered ore

作　　者：康文泽[1] 刘自燕 翟雨可 申士富 王金玲 KANG Wenze;LIU Ziyan;ZHAI Yuke;SHEN Shifu;WANG Jinling(School of Mining Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150022,China;State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Science and Technology,BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学矿业学院,哈尔滨150022 [2]矿冶科技集团有限公司矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100160

出　　处：《矿冶》2024年第2期167-172,共6页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902901)。

摘　　要：矿石风化后其理化性质发生了复杂变化,导致后续选矿难度大、分选效率低。详述了风化金属矿和风化非金属矿选矿技术现状,归纳总结了风化矿分选的主要方法。针对含泥量高、粒度细、嵌布复杂的风化金属矿,可采用预处理强化以及加强分级选矿等方法进行多段选别,提高选矿效果。针对风化非金属矿氧化程度高、杂质含量多的特点,利用辅助手段剥去矿物表面氧化层,联合浮选工艺以及分级选矿的方法可获得较高品位的精矿。通过对风化后的矿物进行工艺矿物学研究,可掌握目的矿物和伴生矿物风化后的矿物特征,为制定分选工艺、选择分选设备、确定选矿药剂提供技术指导。进行矿石工艺矿物学研究是风化矿分选的前提,开发先进分选工艺设备、研制高效选矿药剂是风化矿选矿未来研究的重点。The physical and chemical properties of the ore will undergo complex changes after weathering,resulting in difficulty in subsequent beneficiation and low separation efficiency.The present situation of mineral processing technology of weathered metal ore and weathered non-metallic ore is described in detail in this paper,and the main methods of sorting weathered ore are summarized.For the weathered metal ore with high mud content,because of the fine particle size and complex dissemination,the pretreatment strengthening method is adopted,and the grading beneficiation is strengthened to carry out multi-stage separation and improve the beneficiation effect.In view of the characteristics of high oxidation degree and high impurity content of weathered non-metallic ore,the oxide layer on the surface of minerals is stripped by auxiliary means,and a higher concentrate grade is obtained by combining flotation process and grading beneficiation method.The study of process mineralogy of weathered minerals can help us to acquire the mineral characteristics of target minerals and associated minerals after weathering,and provide technical guidance for formulating the separation process,selecting separation equipment,and determining beneficiation reagents.The research and analysis show that the study of ore process mineralogy is the premise of weathering ore separation.The development of advanced separation process equipment and the development of high-efficiency beneficiation reagents are the focus of future research on weathering ore beneficiation.

关 键 词：风化矿分选 金属矿 非金属矿 选矿 工艺矿物学 浮选 分级选矿 

分 类 号：TD9[矿业工程—选矿]