硫化砷渣协同处理铜冶炼烟尘浸出液回收铜  

Copper recovery from copper-smelting dust leaching solution by collaborative treatment with arsenic sulfide residue

作　　者：黄家全 白明云 李耀山 文堪 高昭伟 HUANG Jiaquan;BAI Mingyun;LI Yaoshan;WEN Kan;GAO Zhaowei(Qinghai Copper Nonferrous Metals Co.Ltd.,Xining 810001,China;Western Mining Group Science and Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Geermu 810001,Qinghai,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Plateau Mineral Processing Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海铜业有色金属有限公司,西宁810001 [2]西部矿业集团科技发展有限公司,青海格尔木810001 [3]青海省高原矿物加工工程与综合利用重点实验室,西宁810001

出　　处：《矿冶》2024年第2期259-263,共5页Mining And Metallurgy

摘　　要：为充分回收铜冶炼过程产生的硫化砷渣和烟尘中的铜资源,降低对环境的影响,贯彻“以废治废”的理念,采用硫化分离技术,用铜冶炼生产过程产生的硫化砷渣沉淀富铜液回收铜冶炼固废中的铜资源。系统探究了沉淀过程中温度、硫化渣用量、反应时间对沉铜效率和硫化砷利用率的影响。结果表明:在反应温度80℃、每100 mL富铜液使用4.5 g硫化砷渣、反应时间3.5 h时具有最良好的铜沉淀效果,该条件下对应的铜沉淀率为88.92%,沉铜后的溶液中铜含量为0.36 mg/L,沉淀铜后所得铜渣中铜的质量分数为55.14%,砷的质量分数为3.18%,符合返回熔炼炉冶炼回收铜的要求;沉淀铜渣中的As主要来源于原料硫化砷渣,原料硫化砷渣中经氧化产生的少量As 2O 3在沉淀过程中不与稀硫酸反应,随着铜的沉淀一起沉到铜渣中。使用硫化砷渣沉淀铜可减少传统硫氢化钠沉淀铜过程中硫化氢气体的产生,全生产链为“以废治废”,且生产环境友好,结果可为铜冶炼企业提供参考。In order to fully recover copper resources from arsenic sulfide slag and smoke generated during the copper smelting process,and reduce the impact on the environment,the concept of“treating waste with waste”is adopted.Sulfurization separation technology is used to recover copper resources from copper smelting solid waste generated during the copper smelting production process,and recovering copper resources from copper smelting solid waste by precipation of copper-rich liquid.The paper investigated the effects of temperature,amount of sulfide slag,and reaction time on copper precipitation efficiency and arsenic sulfide utilization rate during precipitation.The results show that the best copper precipitation effect was achieved at a reaction temperature of 80℃,with 4.5 g of arsenic sulfide slag per 100 mL of rich copper solution,and a reaction time of 3.5 hours.Under these conditions,the corresponding copper precipitation rate is 88.92%,and the copper content in the solution after copper precipitation is 0.36 mg/L.The mass fraction of copper in the copper slag obtained after copper precipitation is 55.14%,and the mass fraction of arsenic is 3.18%,which meets the requirement of returning to the smelting furnace to recover copper.Furthemore,as the precipitated copper slag mainly comes from the raw material arsenic sulfide slag,the small amount of As 2O 3 produced by oxidation in the raw material arsenic sulfide slag does not react with dilute sulfuric acid during the precipitation process and settles into the copper slag together with the copper precipitation.Using arsenic sulfide slag to precipitate copper can reduce the generation of hydrogen sulfide gas in the traditional process of sodium sulfide precipitation of copper.The entire production chain is based on the concept of“treating waste with waste”and the production environment is friendly.The results can provide reference for copper smelting enterprises.

关 键 词：铜冶炼 铜冶炼烟尘 硫化砷渣 污酸 富铜液 硫化沉淀 以废治废 铜回收 

分 类 号：TF09[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]