氮磷钾配比施肥对短葶山麦冬生长及有效成分的影响  

Effects of N-P-K Fertilization on the Growth and Content of Effective Compents of Liriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey

作　　者：袁玉虹[1] 何天友 YUAN Yuhong;HE Tianyou(Fujian Forestry Vocational&Technical College,Nanping,Fujian 353000;College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院,福建南平353000 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《九江学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期123-128,共6页Journal of Jiujiang University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(编号2009BAI73B01);福建林业职业技术学院院士工作站资助项目(编号2019YSZ006)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：文章采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交设计的大田试验方法,研究氮磷钾配比施肥对短葶山麦冬生长状况、块根产量和有效成分的影响,以期为提高短葶山麦冬块根产量和品质的生产技术提供理论依据。氮磷钾不同配比施肥对短葶山麦冬的生长状况、块根产量和有效成分均有显著性影响,隶属函数分析证明,短葶山麦冬最优施肥方案为处理5(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)),即N 345 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O(5)120 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 540 kg/hm^(2)。该处理的短葶山麦冬生长状况、块根产量和有效成分均表现最优,其株高、叶片数、分蘖数、单株块根鲜重、产量、多糖含量和皂苷C含量分别比对照组高45.83%、45.36%、45.91%、63.57%、57.97%、45.01%和35.71%。“中低”等级肥力条件下短葶山麦冬最佳施肥处理中氮磷钾配比为1∶0.35∶1.57,该配方可最大程度提高短葶山麦冬产量和有效成分含量,获得“中低”等级肥力条件下的短葶山麦冬最佳氮磷钾施肥配比。The optimal nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization ratio of Liriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey was obtained under the"medium-low"fertility condition.The field experiment method of L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal design was used to study the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio fertilization on the growth status,root yield and effective components of Liriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the production technology to improve the root yield and quality ofLiriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey.Fertilization with different ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had significant effects on the growth status,root tuber yield and effective components of Liriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey.The membership function analysis showed that the optimal fertilization scheme of Liriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey was treatment 5(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)),namely N 345 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)120 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 540 kg/hm^(2).The growth status,root yield and effective components of Liriope muscari(Desne.)Bailey under this treatment were the best,and its plant height,number of leaves,number of tillers,fresh weight of root tuber per plant,yield,polysaccharide content and saponin C content were 45.83%,45.36%,45.91%,63.57%,57.97%,45.01%and 35.71%higher than those of the control group,respectively.The optimal fertilization treatment of Ophiopogon japonicus under"medium-low"fertility conditions was 1:0.35:1.57,which could maximize the yield and content of active components of Ophiopogon japonicus.

关 键 词：配比施肥 短葶山麦冬 生长状况 有效成分 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]