燃煤电厂和钢铁厂烧结烟气有色烟羽排放特征与管控建议  

EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL SUGGESTIONS OF COLORED SMOKE PLUMES FROM COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS AND IRON AND STEEL PLANTS' SINTERING PROCESSES

作　　者：韩军赞 张洁 闫威卓 王社扣 张妍 邓建国[5] HAN Junzan;ZHANG Jie;YAN Weizhuo;WANG Shekou;ZHANG Yan;DENG Jianguo(Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Synergistic Control of Pollution and Carbon Emissions in Key Industries,Nanjing 210019,China;Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Standardized Construction and Intelligent Management of Industrial Parks,Nanjing 210019,China;Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境工程技术有限公司,南京210019 [2]江苏省重点行业减污降碳协同控制工程研究中心,南京210019 [3]江苏省工业园区规范化建设及智慧化管控工程研究中心,南京210019 [4]江苏省环保集团有限公司 [5]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第2期144-151,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：江苏省环保集团科技项目计划(JSEP-TZ-2021-2003-RE,JSEP-TZ-2021-2002-RE)。

摘　　要：超低排放改造后,电力和钢铁行业常规大气污染物排放量大幅削减,非常规污染物及有色烟羽问题逐步引起关注,视觉污染及“脱白”问题一时成为讨论的焦点。基于国内外相关标准方法,对3家燃煤电厂和2家钢铁厂烧结机机头烟气总排口处的SO_(3)、NH_(3)、可过滤颗粒物(FPM)和可凝结颗粒物(CPM)的排放水平进行测试,评估超低排放实施效果和有色烟羽治理的可行性。结果表明,3家燃煤电厂和2家钢铁厂烧结烟气SO_(3)、NH_(3)和FPM的排放浓度分别为0.11~1.61,0.02~1.66,0.81~5.76 mg/Nm^(3),均处于较低水平,其中FPM排放浓度均能够满足超低排放要求,实施烟气“脱白”改造后SO_(3)和NH_(3)排放浓度与同行业相比均有显著下降,但减排效果较为有限。3家燃煤电厂和2家钢铁厂烧结烟气中CPM排放浓度分别为3.39~4.82,26.6~29.1 mg/Nm^(3),其中钢铁厂CPM排放浓度处于较高水平,约为颗粒物超低排放限值的3倍,CPM/总颗粒物(TPM)达到97%左右。无论是燃煤电厂和还是钢铁厂,新增“脱白”技术后并不一定能够显著降低CPM排放水平,因此,超低排放改造后再增加“脱白”改造的可行性值得深思。此外,燃煤电厂和钢铁厂烧结烟气颗粒物在线监测结果均处于较低水平,且远低于手工监测测得的TPM排放浓度,现有在线监测数据由于不包括CPM,因而在评价烟气中颗粒物达标排放情况时存在一定局限性和不确定性,亟需完善现有固定源烟气中颗粒物的测量体系和排放标准体系,以控制CPM排放水平。After the ultra-low emission renovation,the conventional air pollutant emissions from the power and steel industries have been significantly reduced.The new problem caused by unconventional pollutants and colored plumes has gradually attracted people's attention for its visual appearance and"de-whitening"problem for a long time.Based on relevant domestic and international standards and methods,the emission levels of SO_(3),NH_(3),filterable particulate matter(FPM),and condensable particulate matter(CPM)at the main exhaust ports in three coal-fired power plants and the sintering machine heads of two iron and steel plants were tested to evaluate the effectiveness of ultra-low emission implementation and the feasibility of colored smoke plume control.The results showed that the emission concentrations of SO_(3),NH_(3) and FPM from three coal-fired power plants and sintering flue gas of the two steel plants were 0.11 mg/Nm^(3) to 1.61 mg/Nm^(3),0.02 mg/Nm^(3) to 1.66 mg/Nm^(3),and 0.81 mg/Nm^(3) to 5.76 mg/Nm^(3),respectively,which were all at a low level,and the emission concentrations of FPM could all meet the ultra-low emission requirements.After implementing the flue gas"de-whitening"transformation,the emission concentrations of SO_(3) and NH_(3) from coal-fired power plants or iron and steel plants'sintering processes decreased significantly,but the emission reduction effect was limited.The CPM emission concentrations from three coal-fired power plants and two steel plants'sintering processes were 3.39 mg/Nm^(3) to 4.82 mg/Nm^(3) and 26.6 mg/Nm^(3) to 29.1 mg/Nm^(3),respectively.The latter was at a higher level,about 3 times the ultra-low emission limit of particulate matter,and about 32 times of FPM emission concentration,and the CPM/total particulate matter(TPM)reached about 97%.Whether in coal-fired power plants or steel plants,applying"de-whitening"technology might not necessarily significantly reduce CPM emissions.Therefore,the feasibility of adding"whitening"transformation after ultra-low emission transfor

关 键 词：燃煤电厂 钢铁厂 有色烟羽 超低排放 可凝结颗粒物 

分 类 号：X773[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X757