中华鲎幼鲎生态养殖模式的初步研究  

A preliminary study on the ecological culture mode of juvenile Tachypleus tridentatus

作　　者：李银康 鲍虞园 钟金香 陈晓海 李俊伟[1] 颉晓勇[1] LI Yinkang;BAO Yuyuan;ZHONG Jinxiang;CHEN Xiaohai;LI Junwei;XIE Xiaoyong(Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Fisheries and Life,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Guangdong Ocean Development Planning Research Center,Guangzhou 510022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]广东省海洋发展规划研究中心,广东广州510022

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2024年第1期84-89,共6页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2019TS21);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0402)。

摘　　要：中华鲎被IUCN列入“濒危”名录,进行鲎的人工培育并增殖放流是恢复鲎资源的有效途径,然而目前国内外尚未有适宜的幼鲎批量化生产培育技术。为探索幼鲎人工培育新方法,利用方斑东风螺养殖系统开展了中华鲎幼鲎生态养殖试验。结果显示,中华鲎幼鲎生态养殖模式显著提高了幼鲎成活率,并促进了幼鲎群体生长发育;经过9个月养殖,生态养殖池幼鲎90%以上个体达到3龄及以上,而单养池中幼鲎超过一半个体仍停滞在1龄;单养池和生态养殖池中螺的存活率和经济效益没有显著性差异。试验表明,中华鲎幼鲎生态养殖模式可有效促进幼鲎生长率并提高存活率,且不影响方斑东风螺养殖的经济效益。Tachypleus tridentatus is listed as the endangered(EN) on the IUCN Red List.Artificial breeding of horseshoe crabs and selection of suitable areas for multiplication and release are the effective way of restoring horseshoe crab resources.However,the survival rate of single species of juvenile horseshoe crabs is low.In order to explore new methods of improving the artificial breeding of juvenile horseshoe crabs,we carried out an ecological breeding experiment of juvenile T.tridentatus by using the Babylonia areolate breeding system.The results showed that the ecological breeding model of juvenile T.tridentatus significantly improved the survival rate of juvenile horseshoe crabs and promoted the growth and development of the juvenile horseshoe crab population.After nine months of breeding,more than 90% of juvenile horseshoe crabs in ecological breeding ponds are three instars old and above while more than half of juvenile horseshoe crabs in monoculture ponds are still stagnant at one instar old.There was no significant difference in the survival rate and economic benefits of Babylonia areolate in monoculture ponds and ecological culture ponds.The experiments have shown that the ecological breeding model of juvenile T.tridentatus can effectively increase the growth rate and survival rate of juvenile horseshoe crabs without affecting the economic benefits of Babylonia areolate breeding.

关 键 词：中华鲎 方斑东风螺 生态养殖 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]