希腊古代世界的西欧中世纪再现——论拜占庭文化对意大利文艺复兴文学的影响  

The Influence of Byzantine-Greek Culture on Western European Literature:A Discussion of the Historical Role of Italy in East-West Cultural Exchange

作　　者：丁瑶 DING Yao

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院

出　　处：《国外文学》2024年第1期75-85,共11页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划项目“12-14世纪拜占庭小说的价值与影响研究”(项目编号:2022EWY001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中世纪西欧在经历所谓“蛮族入侵时代”之后,陷入了对希腊文化蒙昧的“黑暗时代”,此时的拜占庭却以回归古希腊为要旨,形成了其独特的文化形态。自6世纪至14世纪,拜占庭文化与西欧文化关系分为三个阶段:分立、碰撞和融合。在此过程中,以巴尔拉姆、普勒桑为代表的诸多拜占庭大师西迁意大利,为人文主义者讲授希腊语和希腊文化,极大推动了西欧文艺复兴在意大利的兴起。与此同时,拜占庭文学中对个性的张扬、对个人欲望的肯定以及对“享乐人生”态度的彰显,以意大利为窗口向西欧大陆传播,为后来的欧洲提供了独特的文学思想、创作主张乃至审美方式。可以说,拜占庭在塑造欧洲中世纪文化以及间接塑造现代西方世界文化方面发挥了至关重要的作用。After experiencing the so-called“Barbarian Invasions”,Western Europe fell into a period of ignorance,known as the“Dark Ages”.However,during this time,the Byzantine Empire,in contrast,focused on a revival of ancient Greek culture,giving rise to its unique cultural form.Spanning from the 6th to the 14th century,the interaction between Byzantine culture and Western European culture can be divided into three phases:separation,collision and fusion.In this process,numerous Byzantine scholars,exemplified by Barlaam and Plethon,migrated to Italy and imparted Greek language and culture to humanists,significantly contributing to the flourishing of the Renaissance in Italy.Simultaneously,elements of Byzantine literature that highlighted individuality,embraced personal desires and promoted an attitude of“pleasure in life”were disseminated to Western Europe through Italy,bestowing upon later Europe with distinct literary ideas,creative principles and aesthetic perspectives.It can be said that Byzantium played a pivotal role in shaping medieval European culture and indirectly shaping the development of modern Western culture.

关 键 词：拜占庭-希腊文化 西欧文学 意大利文艺复兴 影响研究 

分 类 号：K546.32[历史地理—历史学] I546.06[历史地理—世界史]