干旱胁迫对嫁接黄瓜幼苗生长发育及生理指标的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Growth and Physiological Indicators of Grafted Cucumber Seedlings

作　　者：柴文臣 阎世江 CHAI Wenchen;YAN Shijiang(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太原030031

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第7期10-17,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山西省专利转化专项计划资助项目(202201017)。

摘　　要：以黄瓜‘中农18’为试材,在苗期采用黑籽南瓜作为砧木采用插接法进行嫁接换根,对嫁接苗与自根苗进行干旱胁迫,测定株高、茎粗、干物质质量、叶绿素含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、根系活力、脱落酸(ABA)含量、玉米素(ZR)含量,研究干旱胁迫对嫁接黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响,以期为黄瓜逆境生理的研究提供参考依据。结果表明:在干旱胁迫下嫁接苗、自根苗的生长发育均受影响,表现为株高、茎粗、干物质质量的积累减缓,与自根苗相比较,嫁接苗的株高、茎粗、干物质质量较高,处理9 d后分别达17.54 cm、6.24 mm、1.2 g。进一步分析生理指标,可以发现干旱胁迫对黄瓜嫁接苗、自根苗均有一定程度的抑制,表现为叶绿素含量、POD活性、SOD活性、CAT活性、内源激素含量在前期表现为升高,后期开始下降,MDA含量逐渐升高,嫁接苗的根系活力表现为先升高后下降,自根苗的根系活力逐渐下降。除MDA含量外嫁接苗的生理指标均高于自根苗,嫁接苗的叶绿素含量、POD活性、SOD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量、根系活力、内源激素含量最高峰达2.588 mg·g^(-1)、6.229 U·g^(-1)·min^(-1)、254.098 U·g^(-1)、212.341 U·g^(-1)·min^(-1)、11.052 mmol·g^(-1)、3.577μmol·g^(-1)、12.578 ng·g^(-1)。综上,嫁接苗抵御干旱的能力较强,受到的影响较小,在逆境下依然保持正常的生长,而自根苗抗旱性较差。因此采用嫁接的方法可大幅提高幼苗抗旱性,该方法简单有效,可以在干旱缺水的地区应用。Taking cucumber‘Zhongnong 18’as the experimental material,black seed pumpkin was used as the rootstock during the seedling stage for grafting and root replacement.The grafted and self rooted seedlings were subjected to drought stress,and the plant height,stem diameter,dry matter weight,chlorophyll content,peroxidase(POD)activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,root activity,abscisic acid(ABA)content,and zein(ZR)content were measured.The effects of drought stress on the growth and development of grafted cucumber seedlings were studied,in order to provide reference for the study of cucumber stress physiology.The results showed that the growth and development of both grafted and self-rooted seedlings were affected under drought stress,manifested as a slow accumulation of plant height,stem diameter,and dry matter weight.Compared with self-rooted seedlings,grafted seedlings had higher plant height,stem diameter,and dry matter weight,reaching 17.54 cm,6.24 mm and 1.2 g after 9 days of treatment,respectively.Further analysis of physiological indicators revealed that drought stress had a certain degree of inhibition on both grafted and self-rooted cucumber seedlings,manifested as an increase in chlorophyll content,POD activity,SOD activity,CAT activity and endogenous hormone content in the early stage,followed by a decrease in the later stage.MDA content gradually increased,and the root activity of grafted seedlings first increased and then decreased,while the root activity of self-rooted seedlings gradually decreased.The physiological indicators of grafted seedlings were higher than those of self-rooted seedlings,except for MDA content.The highest peaks of chlorophyll content,POD activity,SOD activity,CAT activity,MDA content,root activity and endogenous hormone content were 2.588 mg·g^(-1),6.229 U·g^(-1)·min^(-1),254.098 U·g^(-1),212.341 U·g^(-1)·min^(-1),11.052 mmol·g^(-1),3.577μmol·g^(-1),12.578 ng·g^(-1).In conclusion grafted seedlings had a strong ab

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 嫁接 黄瓜 生长发育 生理指标 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]