芍药灰霉病拮抗细菌的筛选及生防机制研究  

Screening,Biocontrol Mechanism of Antagonistic Bacterial Against Gray Mold of Paeonia lactiflora

作　　者：刘萍 王祖华 马银豪 王玉蝶 魏道威 杨瑞先 LIU Ping;WANG Zuhua;MA Yinhao;WANG Yudie;WEI Daowei;YANG Ruixian(Department of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry,Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023)

机构地区：[1]洛阳理工学院环境工程与化学学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第7期57-66,共10页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)资助项目(232102320111)。

摘　　要：以芍药灰霉病发病典型叶片为试材,采用组织分离法进行病原菌的分离,平板对峙法筛选拮抗芍药灰霉病原菌的内生细菌,结合形态学特征和分子生物学手段进行病原真菌和拮抗细菌菌株的鉴定;采用离体叶片法测定拮抗细菌菌株对芍药灰霉病的防治效果,明确引起洛阳地区芍药灰霉病的病原菌种类,并获得防治芍药灰霉病的内生细菌菌株,以期为芍药灰霉病的防治提供参考依据。结果表明:引起洛阳地区芍药灰霉病的病原菌种类为灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea),筛选获得3株对灰葡萄孢菌具有显著拮抗作用的内生细菌菌株SY5、SY15和SY30,其中菌株SY5抑菌效果明显,抑菌率为84.44%。芍药离体叶片防治结果发现,3个菌株均对芍药灰霉病具有良好的防治效果,菌株SY5的防治效果可达67.66%。菌株SY5、SY15和SY30均被鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。初步探讨3个菌株的生防机制,结果表明3个菌株均可合成脂肽类物质,且对灰霉病菌菌丝有较强的致畸作用,其中菌株SY5脂肽类物质对灰葡萄孢菌的抑制率最高,为88.89%。The typical leaves of peony grey mold disease were used as experimental materials,the pathogens were isolated by the tissue isolation method.Plate confrontation method was used to screen endophytic bacteria against peony gray mold pathogen.Based on morphological characteristics and molecular biology identification,the pathogens and antagonistic strains were identified,respectively.By inoculating the isolated leaves,the control efficacy of antagonistic strains on peony gray mold was tested,the types of pathogens causing peony gray mold disease in Luoyang area was clarified and endophytic bacterial strains for controlling peony gray mold disease was obtained,in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of gray mold disease in peony.The results showed that the pathogen causing the gray mold disease of peony in Luoyang area was Botrytis cinerea.Three endophytic bacteria SY5,SY15 and SY30 with significant antagonistic effects against Botrytis cinerea were selected.Among them,strain SY5 had a significant antibacterial effect,with an inhibition rate of 84.44%.The results of the control of isolated leaves of peony showed that all three strains had good control effects on peony gray mold,and the control effect of strain SY5 could reach 67.66%.Strains SY5,SY15 and SY30 were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.Preliminary exploration of the biocontrol mechanisms of three strains showed that three strains could synthesize lipopeptides and had strong teratogenic effects on the mycelium of Botrytis cinerea.Among them,the lipopeptides of SY5 showed the highest inhibition rate of 88.89%.

关 键 词：芍药 灰霉病 内生细菌 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 生防机制 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]