吉兰泰荒漠绿洲过渡带不同生境植被多样性与土壤养分特征研究  

Research on Vegetation Diversity and Soil Nutrient Characteristics at Different Habitats in Desert Oasis Ecotone of Jilantai

作　　者：寇文华 侯红蕊 魏亚娟 KOU Wenhua;HOU Hongrui;WEI Yajuan(School of Architecture and Design,Chongqing College of Humanities,Science&Technology,Chongqing 401527;Department of Resource and Environment,Baotou Teachers'College,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014030)

机构地区：[1]重庆人文科技学院建筑与设计学院,重庆401527 [2]包头师范学院资源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第7期82-88,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：自治区高等学校碳达峰碳中和研究专项资助项目(STZX202213);重庆市高等教育教学改革研究重点资助项目(232147);2022年内蒙古自治区本科教育教学改革研究资助项目(JGZC2022024)。

摘　　要：以吉兰泰荒漠绿洲过渡带的植被和土壤为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内试验相结合的方法,研究了不同生境植被群落多样性和土壤养分特征,以期为该地区植被恢复重建提供参考依据。结果表明:1)研究区群落多样性水平较低,且Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数均表现为固定沙地>半固定沙地>盐碱滩地>流动沙地。2)研究区土壤粒径主要以中砂与细砂为主,其含量分别介于35.13%~40.23%和46.02%~56.59%。3)4种生境平均土壤有机碳(SOC)、有效氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)和有效钾(AK)含量分别介于3.12~8.32 g·kg^(-1)、2.70~5.86 mg·kg^(-1)、2.50~4.85 mg·kg^(-1)和476.86~690.87 mg·kg^(-1),土壤养分含量随着沙地固定逐渐增加。4)土壤SOC和AN含量与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Margalef丰富度指数和植被盖度呈极显著正相关。Taking the vegetations and soils of Jilantai desert-oasis ecotone as the research object,vegetation diversity and soil nutrient characteristics of different habitats were investigated by using combination of field investigation and indoor experiments,in order to provide reference for the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation in this area.The results showed that,1)the structure of natural community was simple,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson dominance index,Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index showed that fixed sandy land>semi-fixed sandy land>saline-alkali beach>shifting sandy land.2)The soil particle size in the study was mainly composed of medium sand and fine sand,with contents ranging from 35.13%to 40.23%and 46.02%to 56.59%,respectively.3)The average soil contents of organic carbon(SOC),alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK)in the four habitats ranged from 3.12 to 8.32 g·kg^(-1),2.70 to 5.86 mg·kg^(-1),2.50 to 4.85 mg·kg^(-1) and 476.86 to 690.87 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,and soil nutrient content gradually increased with the fixation of the sandy land.4)The soil contents SOC and AN were significantly positively correlated with Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson dominance index,Margalef richness index,and vegetation coverage.

关 键 词：植被群落 土壤养分 沙地固定过程 荒漠绿洲过渡带 吉兰泰盐湖区 

分 类 号：S713[农业科学—林学]