Z世代的新质生产力特质与评价研究——基于“能力-意愿”的代际比较  

Research on the Characteristics and Evaluation of New Quality Productivity Forces in Generation Z——Intergenerational Comparison Based on“Ability Willingness”

作　　者：高一兰[1,2] 黄晓野 Gao Yian;Huang Xiaoye(University of Sanya,Sanya 572022,China;Academic Affairs Office,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Management,University of Sanya,Sanya 572022,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚学院,三亚572022 [2]上海外国语大学教务处,上海201620 [3]三亚学院管理学院,三亚572022

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2024年第5期3-14,F0003,共13页Journal of Industrial Technological Economics

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题“海南自贸港现代服务业嵌入海洋强国战略研究”(项目编号:HNSK(YB)23-31);海南省高等学校科学研究重点项目“协同效应视域下的海南现代服务业融合创新研究”(项目编号:Hnky2021ZD-19);海南省岛屿文化生态与社会发展研究基地课题“海南省公众应急安全教育体系的构建研究”(项目编号:JD(ZC)20-49)。

摘　　要：加快形成新质生产力是我国经济发展战略重要组成部分,高质量人力资本是重要的新质生产力。Z世代逐渐成为劳动力市场主体,以要素和协作两种形式创造新质生产力。本文以马克思劳动价值论为基础构建以劳动为变量的生产力跨期模型,根据经济学、社会学相关理论和“三新”经济统计数据有关内容,构建劳动“能力-意愿”评价指标体系,并从2021年中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)结果中提取劳动相关指标数据,将其代入生产力跨期模型比较不同世代群体的新质生产力水平。结果显示:在能力维度方面,Z世代群体具有更多高等学历受教育程度经历、更多参加专业领域内职业技能培训、更高频次使用互联网进行商务和工作、更高比例从事专业技术和新兴产业工作等高质量人力资本特征,以要素形式创造更多的新质生产力,并通过“七普”数据、教育信息化发展实践现状和信息产业就业情况等证据给予证实;在参与创造新质生产力意愿方面,Z世代群体表现出较高的社会服务参与热情,但对人与人关系的信任水平偏低,这可能会降低劳动的协作生产力。最后,从能力和意愿两方面给出Z世代群体创造更多新质生产力的建议。New quality productivity is an important component of China's economic development strategy,and high-quality human capital is an important new quality productivity.Generation Z has gradually become the mainstay of the labor market,creating new quality productivity through both factor and collaboration forms.Based on Marx's labor theory of value,a productivity intertemporal model with labor as a variable is constructed.Subsequently,based on relevant theories of economics,sociology,and“three new”economic statistics,a labor“ability willingness”evaluation index system is constructed,and labor related indicator data is extracted from the results of the 2021 China Social Situation Comprehensive Survey(CSS),compare the levels of new quality productivity among different generations of population using a cross generational model of productivity.The results show that in terms of ability dimensions,Generation Z has higher education levels and experiences,participates in more vocational skills training in professional fields,uses the Internet more frequently for business and work,and has a higher proportion of high-quality human capital in professional and technical work and emerging industries,creating more new productive forces in the form of elements.Through the“Seventh Census”data such as the development practice of educational informatization and the employment situation in the information industry should be provided to confirm.In terms of willingness to participate in new productive forces,Generation Z shows a high enthusiasm for social service participation,but a low level of trust in interpersonal relationships,which may reduce the collaborative productivity of labor.Finally,suggestions are given for Generation Z to create higher quality productivity from both abilities and willingness.

关 键 词：新质生产力 能力-意愿 劳动价值论 Z世代 代际比较 高质量人力资本 

分 类 号：F432.7[经济管理—产业经济] F014.1