微波预处理对加热卷烟用烤烟烟叶常规化学成分及挥发性香气成分的影响  

Effect of microwave pretreatment on the conventional chemical composition and volatile aroma components of flue-cured tobacco leaves for heated cigarettes

作　　者：田金虎[1] 袁颖 卢昕博[2] 汤晓东[2] 潘力[2] 王雨凝 叶兴乾[1] 蒋健[2] TIAN Jinhu;YUAN Ying;LU Xinbo;TANG Xiaodong;PAN Li;WANG Yuning;YE Xingqian;JIANG Jian(College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China;Technology Center,Zhejiang China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,浙江杭州310000 [2]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《轻工学报》2024年第2期69-79,共11页Journal of Light Industry

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重大专项项目(110202201048);浙江大学-浙江中烟联合实验室基金项目(588970-Y2201)。

摘　　要：以河南产区的下部烤烟样品为原料,采用微波干燥和微波水热两种方法预处理原料,利用连续流动分析、高效液相色谱、气相色谱-离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)等技术对不同微波预处理烤烟烟叶中的常规化学成分及挥发性香气成分进行分析。结果表明:微波水热处理可降低烤烟烟叶中水溶性糖、还原糖、植物碱及酚类物质含量,提高总氮、石油醚提取物含量,并显著增加烤烟原叶的氮碱比(P≤0.05),其中微波水热700 W-6 min处理组氮碱比高达1.65;而经微波干燥处理后,烤烟烟叶中常规化学成分整体仍处于优质烟叶指标范畴,且挥发碱含量显著增加(P≤0.05),部分预处理组中绿原酸和芸香苷含量增加;此外,GC-IMS共鉴定出56种挥发性香气成分,微波水热处理可增加烤烟的新鲜清香,微波干燥处理则可增加其甜香味。With tobacco samples from the lower part of Henan production area as raw materials,the conventional chemical components and volatile aroma components in different microwave pretreated flue-cured tobacco leaves were analyzed by continuous flow analysis,high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(GC-IMS),etc.The results showed that microwave hydrothermal treatment could reduce the contents of water-soluble sugar,reducing sugar,plant alkaloid and phenolic substances in flue-cured tobacco leaves.Microwave hydrothermal treatment could increase the contents of total nitrogen and petroleum ether extract,and significantly increase the nitrogen-alkali ratio of flue-cured tobacco leaves(P≤0.05).The nitrogen-base ratio in the microwave hydrothermal 700 W-6 min treatment group was as high as 1.65.After microwave drying,the conventional chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves were still in the category of high-quality tobacco leaves,and the volatile alkali content increased significantly(P≤0.05).In addition,a total of 56 volatile aroma components were identified by GC-IMS,and the fresh and fresh aroma of flue-cured tobacco leaves could be increased by microwave water heat treatment,while the sweet flavor of flue-cured tobacco leaves could be increased by microwave drying treatment.

关 键 词：微波水热处理 微波干燥处理 烤烟烟叶 加热卷烟 挥发性香气成分 

分 类 号：TS411[农业科学—烟草工业]