美国民航行政机关安全管理体系研究进展  

Progress on Safety Management System of Civil Aviation Administration in the United States

作　　者：陈芳[1] 完艳格 张亚博 CHEN Fang;WAN Yange;ZHANG Yabo(Civil Aviation University of China,College of Safety Science and Engineering,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学,安全科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《综合运输》2024年第3期171-174,179,共5页China Transportation Review

基　　金：2023年民航局安全能力项目(ASSA2023/12)。

摘　　要：美国民航安全管理体系法规层级分为联邦航空法规(14CFR)、联邦航空规章(FAR)、命令(Order)和咨询通告(AC)。美国在其民航法规体系的命令(Order)层级中明确了针对联邦航空组织(FAA Organization)、机场办公室(ARP)和航空安全组织(AVS)等民航行政机关的安全管理体系(SMS)立法要求,分别是Order-8000.369《安全管理体系》、Order-5200.11A《美国联邦航空局机场安全管理体系》和Order VS 8000.367C《航空安全组织的安全管理体系要求》。对比上述三部立法的发展历程、适用范围、发布机构和内容的框架等要求,发现所制定的命令适用对象均隶属于美国联邦航空局(FAA),内容上均包含总则、SMS四大支柱等共同点,但三部命令在同一内容上包含的要素不相同等异同。The United States civil aviation safety management system regulation level is divided into federal aviation regulations(14CFR),federal aviation regulations(FAR),Order(Order)and advisory circular(AC).In the Order level of its civil aviation regulatory system,the United States has defined the legislative requirements of safety management system(SMS)for civil aviation administrative organs such as Federal Aviation Organization(FAA),Airport(ARP)and Aviation Safety(AVS).They are Order-8000.369 Safety Management System,Order-5200.11A FAA Airport Safety Management System,and Order-8000.367C Safety Management System Requirements for Aviation Safety Organizations.By comparing the development process,scope of application,issuing authority and content framework of the above three pieces of legislation,it is found that the applicable objects of the formulated orders are all subordinate to the FAA,and the contents all contain the general provisions,SMS four pillars and other common points,but the three orders contain different elements in the same content.

关 键 词：民航 安全管理体系 立法 FAA 行政机关 

分 类 号：V351[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]