在实物操作游戏中旁观者准确性和权威性对幼儿选择性信任的影响  

The Effect of Bystander's Accuracy and Authority on Young Children's Selective Trust in Substantial Materials Playing

作　　者：张璟[1] 李金涵 张雨田 唐日新[1] 周双珠[1] ZHANG Jing;LI Jin-han;ZHANG Yu-tian;TANG Ri-xin;ZHOU Shuang-zhu(School of Psychology,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;North District Primary School in Xiaolan Town,Zhongshan 528415,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学心理学院,南昌330022 [2]中山市小榄镇北区小学,528415

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第2期252-257,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度重点项目“儿童对社交机器人的信任选择机制:基于生命力感知与互动性的视角”(项目编号:22ZD008);江西师范大学2020年度研究生创新基金项目“旁观者因素对3-5岁幼儿选择性信任的影响——基于游戏互动范式与ERP的实证研究”(项目编号:YJS2020079);江西师范大学2023年度研究生创新基金项目“幼儿基于信息提供者行为线索的道德学习”(项目编号:YJS2023113)。

摘　　要：目的:探究在实物操作游戏中,旁观者的身份类型及其所提供线索的准确性对幼儿选择性信任的影响。方法:实验1设置了三种旁观者条件,分别是教师、同伴和身份未知的旁观者。实验2允许被试验证教师旁观者提供线索的准确性。结果:(1)实验1发现幼儿对教师和身份未知的旁观者的信任显著高于同伴旁观者。(2)实验2发现当幼儿得知旁观者提供的线索不准确后,他们对旁观者的信任显著下降。结论:旁观者的身份类型会影响幼儿的选择性信任,但是旁观者准确性的影响大于其权威身份的影响。Objective:To explore the influence of bystander's identity and accuracy on children's selective trust in sub-stantial materials playing.Methods:Experiment 1 set up three conditions of bystander's identity:teacher,peer and un-known bystander.Experiment 2 allowed participants to verify the accuracy of the clues provided by the teacher bystanders.Results:(1)Experiment 1 found that children's trust in teachers and unknown bystanders was significantly higher than that of peer bystanders.(2)Experiment 2 found that when children learned that the clues provided by bystanders were inac-curate,their trust in bystanders decreased significantly.Conclusion:The identity type of the bystander affects the selective trust of young children,but the effect of the accuracy of bystander is greater than the influence of their authority.

关 键 词：选择性信任 实物操作游戏 旁观者 权威性 幼儿 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]