首采工作面过浅埋深薄煤区安全回采技术研究  

Safety Mining Technology of First Mining Face Passing Through Shallow Buried Deep and Thin Coal Area

作　　者：鲁德丰 阚磊 LU Defeng;KAN Lei(Inner Mongolia Intelligent Coal Co.,Ltd.,Jungar Banner,Inner Mongolia 010400,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古智能煤炭有限责任公司,P内蒙古鄂尔多斯市010400

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第4期25-32,共8页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：为解决浅埋深、薄煤层等特殊地质条件易造成工作面溃水、溃砂、压架、冒顶等安全事故的问题。以麻地梁煤矿特殊地质条件及生产方式为背景,提出了以“破底割煤”“只采不放”为核心的首采工作面过浅埋深、薄煤区安全回采技术,并在工作面矿压显现及两巷超前支承压力分布等方面进行了应用效果分析。结果表明,工作面区域周期来压呈现出显著的“空间阶段性”,强烈来压主要出现在工作面的中部区域;相较于浅埋深区域,薄煤区及重叠区周期来压步距及持续距离增加,“局部来压”明显,但来压强度均处于较低水平;工作面过浅埋深、薄煤层区域时,巷道围岩收敛速度慢、变形量小,煤层顶板无显著离层,0~3m浅基点及3~7m深基点处相对离层量均不超过4mm,超前支承压力不明显,工作面对两巷超前支撑压力影响范围为40m,平均峰值强度为17.3MPa。研究结果有效验证了该安全回采技术的合理性和可靠性。Special geological conditions such as shallow buried depth and thin coal seam are easy to cause safety accidents such as water inrush,sand inrush,support crushing and roof caving in working face.In order to solve those problems,taking the special geological conditions and production mode of Madiliang Coal Mine as the background,the safe mining technology of first mining face passing through shallow buried depth and thin coal area with the core of"breaking bottom and cutting coal"and"only mining without caving"was put forward,and the application effect was analyzed in the aspects of mine pressure appearance of working face and advance abutment pressure distribution of two roadways.The results show that the periodic weighting in the working face area presents a significant"spatial stage",and the strong weighting mainly appears in the middle area of the working face.Compared with the shallow buried depth area,the periodic weighting step distance and continuous distance of the thin coal area and the overlapping area increase,and the"local pressure"is obvious,but the pressure intensity is at a low level,During the working face passing through the shallow buried depth and thin coal area,the convergence speed of the surrounding rock of the roadway is slow,the deformation is small,and there is no significant separation of the coal seam roof.The relative separation amount at the O-3 m shallow base point and the 3-7 m deep base point is not more than 4 mm,and the advance support pressure is not obvious.The influence range of the working face on the advance support pressure of the two roadways is 40 m,and the average peak strength is 17.3 MPa.The research results effectively verify the rationality and reliability of the safe mining technology.

关 键 词：安全回采技术 浅埋煤层 薄煤层 矿压显现规律 

分 类 号：TD323[矿业工程—矿井建设]