个人信用信息采集:标准明确与告知同意原则之完善  

Personal Credit Information Collection:Improvement of Criteria Clarity and Informed Consent Principle

作　　者：张路 王立颖 ZHANG Lu;WANG Li-ying(School of Credit Risk Management,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan Hunan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学信用风险管理学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期90-98,共9页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“跨部门跨地域社会信用治理关键技术研究与应用示范”课题1“社会信用治理范式研究”(2022YFC330320001)。

摘　　要：在个人信息保护强化与社会信用体系建设持续推进的大背景下,我国个人信用信息的采集环节仍然存在信息主体、信息与信用关联、信息性质公共与非公共区分、信息敏感性与评估等标准不明确的问题。个人信用信息的主体应确定为自然人,且不应以民事行为能力作为条件限制;在个人信息与信用的关联识别上应采法定与约定义务;以公共利益对信息的公共与非公共性进行区分;敏感性代表了人格利益侵害风险,可结合场景进行综合判断。个人信用信息采集过程还存在告知同意原则无视不同类型信息性质、敏感性差异而统一适用、单一的明示方式过于刚性、告知同意流于形式等问题,可针对公共与非公共、信息的敏感度等因素进行分类适用,并有条件地引入默示同意。In the context of strengthening personal information protection and social credit system construction,in collecting personal credit information in China exist such problems as unclear criteria of information subjects,linkage between information and credit,distinction between public and non-public information,information sensitivity and evaluation,etc.The subject of personal credit information should be the natural person irrespective of his civil capacity.The recognition of linkage between personal information and credit should adopt legal and contractual obligations.The public and non-public nature of information should be distinguished with public interest as the standard.As sensitivity represents the risk of personality interest infringement,it is advisable to judge comprehensively with consideration of specific situations.In the process of collecting personal credit information exist such problems as uniform application of the principle of informed consent regardless of difference in information nature and sensitivity,rigid and single explicit expression mode,and formalistic informed consent.It is advisable to separately apply according to the nature and sensitivity of information and to introduce implied consent conditionally.

关 键 词：个人信用信息 自然人 公共利益 敏感信息 默示同意 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]