316L不锈钢MIG电弧增材制造中焊道成形尺寸的关键影响因素及优化策略  

Key Influencing Factors and Optimization Strategies for Weld Bead Formation Size in 316L Stainless Steel MIG Arc Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：李子葳 杨洪才 刘浩民 孙俊华[1] 张元彬[1] LI Ziwei;YANG Hongcai;LIU Haomin;SUN Junhua;ZHANG Yuanbin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Ji'nan 250101,China;Shandong Jirong Thermal Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ji'nan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]山东济容热工科技有限公司,山东济南250100

出　　处：《电焊机》2024年第4期13-22,共10页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME152)。

摘　　要：为探讨316L不锈钢MIG电弧增材制造中不同电流模式下的工艺参数对焊道成形尺寸的影响。首先通过控制变量法研究了恒流模式下基板温度、焊接电流、焊接速度及线能量对对焊道成形尺寸的影响规律;其次,采用正交试验法研究了脉冲电流下焊接电流、焊接速度、占空比和脉冲频率对焊道成形尺寸的影响,利用多元线性回归方法构建脉冲电流下工艺参数(焊接电流、焊接速度、占空比、脉冲频率)与焊道熔宽和余高尺寸预测模型。结果显示:在恒流模式下,焊接电流为150 A,焊接速度为4 mm/s,基板温度控制在100~150℃时,成形形貌较好;在脉冲电流下,焊接电流为140 A、焊接速度为5 mm/s、占空比为0.8、脉冲频率为3 Hz时焊道成形效果最佳。线能量大于7242 J/cm时成形效果较差。此外,建立了脉冲电流下工艺参数与焊道熔宽和余高的多元线性回归模型,经验证该回归模型能够准确预测焊道成形尺寸。The study aims to investigate the impact of process parameters under different current modes on the weld bead formation size in 316L stainless steel MIG arc additive manufacturing.Firstly,the control variable method was used to study the influence of base plate temperature,welding current,welding speed,and line energy on the weld bead formation size under constant current mode.Subsequently,the orthogonal test method was employed to study the impact of welding current,welding speed,duty cycle,and pulse frequency on the weld bead formation size under pulsed current,and a multiple linear regression method was utilized to construct a predictive model of process parameters(welding current,welding speed,duty cycle,pulse frequency)and weld bead dimensions(melt width and residual height).The results showed that under the constant current mode,the formation morphology was better when the welding current was 150 A,the welding speed was 4 mm/s,and the base plate temperature was controlled between 100~150℃.Under the pulsed current mode,the best weld bead formation was achieved with a welding current of 140 A,welding speed of 3 mm/s,duty cycle of 0.8,and pulse frequency of 3 Hz.The formation effect was poorer when the line energy exceeded 7242 J/cm.Additionally,a multiple linear regression model for the process parameters and the weld bead dimensions(melt width and residual height)under pulsed current was established,and the regression model was verified to accurately predict the weld bead formation size.

关 键 词：电弧增材制造 工艺参数 成形质量 回归模型 

分 类 号：TG457.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]