重要内吸性杀菌剂的作用靶标及其登记应用和抗药性现状  

Major molecular targets and current registration and resistance status of commercial

作　　者：彭钦 苗建强 刘西莉 PENG Qin;MIAO Jianqiang;LIU Xili(College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production,Shaanxi Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《现代农药》2024年第2期1-12,38,共13页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1400900)。

摘　　要：内吸性杀菌剂大多为单作用位点,对靶标病原菌具有高活性或超高活性,在植物病害高效防控中发挥着不可替代的作用,但使用不当容易产生抗药性。值得关注的是,目前国内外上市近220种农用杀菌剂品种中,靶标蛋白十分明确的包含37种C14脱甲基酶抑制剂、24种线粒体呼吸电子传递链复合物Ⅱ抑制剂、26种线粒体呼吸电子传递链复合物Ⅲ抑制剂、9种β-微管蛋白抑制剂、7种RNA聚合酶Ⅰ抑制剂、7种纤维素合酶抑制剂、3种腺苷脱氨酶抑制剂、2种氧化固醇结合蛋白抑制剂、2种囊泡型H+-ATPase抑制剂、1种肌球蛋白-5抑制剂和1种几丁质合酶抑制剂。简要介绍了上述11类杀菌剂的12种靶标蛋白及抑制剂在我国的登记情况及其抗药性发生现状,以期为植物病害的科学用药和抗性治理提供指导。Most systemic fungicides act on a single target site,demonstrating high or super-high activity against plant pathogens and playing an indispensable role in the effective control of plant diseases.However,improper usage of fungicides can result in the development of resistance.Notably,out of the nearly 220 fungicides available worldwide,37 are C14 demethylase inhibitors,24 target mitochondrial respiratory complex II,26 target mitochondrial respiratory complex III,9 targetβ-tubulin,7 target RNA polymerase I,7 target cellulose synthase,3 target adenosine deaminase,2 target oxysterol-binding proteins related proteins,2 target vacuolar H+-ATPase,1 target myosin-5,and 1 target chitin synthase.This article provided a brief overview of 12 target proteins,the registration status,and resistance occurrences of the above 11 classes of fungicides in China.The aim of this review was to provide guidance for the appropriate use of these fungicides and strategies for managing fungicide resistance.

关 键 词：杀菌剂 靶标蛋白 作用机制 登记对象 抗药性现状 

分 类 号：TQ455.4[化学工程—农药化工]