5种农药对花翅摇蚊的毒性研究  

Study on the toxicity of five pesticides to Chironomus kiiensis

作　　者：王宏伟 宋伟华 邵苗苗 袁善奎 侯玉霞[3] WANG Hongwei;SONG Weihua;SHAO Miaomiao;YUAN Shankui;HOU Yuxia(Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Key Laboratory of Pesticide Evaluation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农药检定所,北京100125 [2]农业农村部农药评价重点实验室,北京100125 [3]中国农业大学理学院,北京100193

出　　处：《现代农药》2024年第2期66-70,共5页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

摘　　要：通过研究5种农药对底栖生物摇蚊的急性毒性和慢性毒性,以评价不同类型农药对底栖生物摇蚊的毒性风险。试验结果表明:5种农药对花翅摇蚊(Chironomus kiiensis)均具有明显的毒性效应。以急性毒性试验48 h的EC_(50)为评判依据,毒性大小顺序为高效氯氟氰菊酯>啶虫脒>吡丙醚>吡唑醚菌酯>丁草胺;以慢性毒性试验抑制羽化率的EC50为评判依据,毒性大小顺序为高效氯氟氰菊酯>吡丙醚>啶虫脒>吡唑醚菌酯>丁草胺。随着处理组农药浓度的升高,花翅摇蚊的化蛹率和羽化率明显降低,幼虫期和蛹期延长;慢性毒性试验中,吡唑醚菌酯和丁草胺对花翅摇蚊的化蛹EC50和羽化EC_(50)基本无差异,高效氯氟氰菊酯、啶虫脒和吡丙醚对花翅摇蚊的化蛹EC_(50)略大于其羽化EC50,但均差异不显著。The acute and chronic toxicities of five pesticides to Chironomus kiiensis were studied to evaluate the toxicity risks of different types of pesticides to benthic chironomid.The results showed that the five pesticides all had significant toxic effects on C.kiiensis.Based on the 48 h EC_(50) in the acute toxicity test,the toxicity on C.kiiensis followed the order of lambda-cyhalothrin,acetamiprid,pyriproxyfen,pyraclostrobin,and butachlor.Based on the emergence EC50 in the chronic toxicity test,the toxicity followed the order of lambda-cyhalothrin,pyriproxyfen,acetamiprid,pyraclostrobin,and butachlor.With the increase of pesticide concentration in the treatment group,the pupation rate and eclosion rate of C.kiiensis decreased significantly,and the larval and pupal stages were also prolonged.In the chronic toxicity test,there was no significant difference between the EC_(50) of pupation and that of eclosion for all of the 5 pesticides.

关 键 词：花翅摇蚊 农药 毒性 化蛹 羽化 

分 类 号：TQ450.26[化学工程—农药化工]