平坦型和全聋型单侧难治性突发性耳聋患者纯音和言语识别率分析  

Analysis of pure tone and speech recognition rates in flat type and total deafness type patients with unilateral intractable sudden sensorineural hearing loss

作　　者：李东 王惠[2] 康欣乐[3] 赵雪[2] 王海旭[1] 费兵 别同武[1] 曹影[1] 刘磊 怀德 束明阳 李秀婷 沈维展 Li Dong;Wang Hui;Kang Xinle;Zhao Xue;Wang Haixu;Fei Bing;Bie Tongwu;Cao Ying;Liu Lei;Huai De;Shu Mingyang;Li Xiuting;Shen Weizhan(Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the Second People′s Hospital of Huai′an,Huai′an,Jiangsu 223002,China;Department of Nursing Care,the Second People′s Hospital of Huai′an;Department of Ophthalmology,the Second People′s Hospital of Huai′an;Department of Stomatology,the Second People′s Hospital of Huai′an;School of Public Health Management,Jiangsu Health Vocational College,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000;Haiyuan College,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650041)

机构地区：[1]淮安市第二人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,江苏淮安223002 [2]淮安市第二人民医院护理部 [3]淮安市第二人民医院眼科 [4]淮安市第二人民医院口腔科 [5]江苏卫生健康职业学院公共卫生管理学院,江苏南京210000 [6]昆明医科大学海源学院,云南昆明650041

出　　处：《徐州医科大学学报》2024年第3期187-190,共4页Journal of Xuzhou Medical University

基　　金：江苏省卫生健康职业技术教育研究课题(WJZ202110);江苏省卫健委科研项目(Z2019009);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(22KJB330004);江苏卫生健康职业学院校级科研项目(JKD2021015)。

摘　　要：目的 分析平坦型和全聋型单侧难治性突发性耳聋患者的纯音测听和言语识别率特点。方法 选取2016年1月至2022年1月于淮安市第二人民医院(徐州医科大学附属淮安医院)就诊的平坦型和全聋型难治性突发性耳聋患者132例,所有患者均为单耳发病,分别检测并记录患者的纯音测听和言语识别率,按照发病年龄和听力损失程度进行分组,并进行统计分析。结果 与对照组105例健康体检者听力相比较,观察组132例患者中,轻度12例(9.09%)、中度30例(22.73%)、重度50例(37.88%)、极重度40例(30.30%),不同程度听力损失患者言语识别率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);少年7例(5.30%)、青年32例(24.24%)、中年65例(49.24%)、老年28例(21.21%),不同年龄之间的听力损失比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄间言语识别率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别之间的听力损失比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同性别之间言语识别率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 听力损失程度及年龄可以显著影响言语识别率,两者呈负相关,年龄越大,听力损失越重,言语识别率越低,老年人最为明显;而平坦型和全聋型单侧难治性突聋患者的听力损失与性别无关,多为中度以上听力损失,重度及极重度居多,中年人发病率最高。Objective To analyze the characteristics of pure tone audiometry and speech recognition rates in flat type and total deafness type patients with unilateral intractable sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL).Methods A total of 132 flat type and total deafness type patients with intractable SSNHL who were admitted to the Second People′s Hospital of Huai′ai(Huai′an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University)from January 2016 to January 2022 were selected.All the patients had unilateral hearing loss.Their pure tone audiometry and speech recognition rates were measured.According to the age of onset and degree of hearing loss,they were grouped for statistical analysis.Results There were 105 healthy individuals undergoing hearing examination in the control group and 132 patients in the observation group including 12 mild cases(9.09%),30 moderate cases(22.73%),50 severe cases(37.88%),and 40 extremely severe cases(30.30%).The speech recognition rates were statistically different among patients with various degree of hearing loss(P<0.05).In the observation group,there were 7 teenage patients(5.30%),32 young patients(24.24%),middle-aged patients(49.24%)and elderly patients(21.21%).There were statistical differences in hearing loss and speech recognition rate among different age groups(P<0.05).There were no statistical differences in hearing loss and speech recognition rate between different genders(P>0.05).Conclusions The degree of hearing loss and age significantly affect speech recognition rate,with a negative correlation.As the age increases,hearing loss becomes severe,and the speech recognition rate decreases,especially in elder individuals.Hearing loss in flat type and total deafness type patients with unilateral intractable SSNHL is not related to gender,and most of the patients show moderate hearing loss,especially severe and extremely severe cases.The incidence is the highest in middle-aged patients.

关 键 词：单侧特发性耳聋 平坦型 全聋型 听力损失 言语识别率 纯音测听 

分 类 号：R764.437[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]