目标承诺对大学生锻炼行为和体质健康的影响研究——基于目标设定理论  

The Impact of Goal Commitment on Exercise Behavior and Physical Health of College Students:Based on Goal Setting Theory

作　　者：莫月红[1] MO Yue-hong(Sport Working Department of Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江经济职业技术学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2024年第3期106-111,共6页Zhejiang Sport Science

基　　金：2022年省级课程思政示范课程(szkc2204);浙江省教育规划课题(2023SCG412)。

摘　　要：目的:基于目标设定理论,考察大学生目标承诺、体育锻炼行为和体质健康之间的关系,为促进大学生体育锻炼、提高其体质健康提供参考。方法:采用《体育活动习惯问卷》《目标承诺量表》和体测成绩调查表对1438名大学生进行调查,试图分析大学生目标承诺与锻炼行为、体质健康之间的相关关系和预测作用。结果:不同性别学生的体育运动指数和体测成绩、不同年级学生的体测成绩都存在显著差异,有无体育锻炼习惯学生的目标承诺水平、体育锻炼行为、体质健康水平存在显著差异,有体育锻炼习惯的学生中不同运动强度的学生的目标承诺水平、体育锻炼行为、体质健康水平存在显著差异;学生的目标承诺水平、体育运动指数、长跑成绩存在显著正相关,据此构建了有效的目标承诺水平、体育运动指数对长跑成绩的有序回归模型。结论:学生的目标承诺水平对大学生体育锻炼行为、体质健康有一定的积极影响,受调查的学生所在高校的课外锻炼管理取得了一定的效果,据此提出高校引导学生设定体育锻炼目标并加以承诺,以及完善学生课外体育锻炼管理内容等促进学生增加体育锻炼行为,提高学生体质健康的建议。Objective:Based on Goal Setting Theory,the correlation between goal commitment,exercise behavior,and physical health among college students was tested.Method:1438 college students were investigated using the Sports Activity Habits Questionnaire,Goal Commitment Scale,and physical fitness scores questionnaire.Result:Significant differences were found in sports index and physical fitness scores among students of different genders and grades;significant differences were found in goal commitment level,sports index,and physical fitness scores among students with or without physical exercise habits;significant differences were found in goal commitment level,sports index,and physical fitness scores among students with different exercise intensities.A significant positive correlation between students'goal commitment level,sports index,and long-distance running scores,and an effective ordered regression model was constructed accordingly.Conclusion:Student’s goal commitment has a positive impact on their physical exercise behavior and physical health;the extracurricular exercise management in the university has achieved its aim.Suggestions were proposed for universities to instruct students to set physical exercise goals and make commitments,as well as to improve the content of extracurricular physical exercise management to promote students to increase physical exercise behavior and physical health.

关 键 词：目标设定 目标承诺 大学生 体育锻炼 体质健康 

分 类 号：G804.85[文化科学—运动人体科学]