干旱胁迫下3种籽粒苋幼苗的抗旱性评价  

Evaluation of Drought Resistance Traits of Three Varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus Seedlings

作　　者：庞思强 麻浩[2,3] 檀嘉琦 PANG Siqiang;MA Hao;TAN Jiaqi(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Desert Research in Arid Areas,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]南京农业大学农学院,江苏南京210095 [3]新疆农业大学干旱区荒漠研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2024年第2期35-44,共10页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)(2017E0237);兰州生多荒漠保护研究院项目(KQXF-001)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同干旱胁迫强度对籽粒苋幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,比较不同品种籽粒苋幼苗的抗旱性。[方法]选取3个品种籽粒苋(千穗谷、美国籽粒苋、籽粒苋N053)为试验材料,采用室内盆栽和人工控水试验,以土壤最大含水量的80%为对照组(CK),设置轻度、中度、重度3个干旱胁迫处理强度,土壤含水量分别为最大含水量的60%、40%、20%;测定并比较不同品种籽粒苋幼苗在不同干旱胁迫强度下的生长指标和生理指标;通过主成分分析筛选评价指标,利用隶属函数综合评价法对3个品种籽粒苋幼苗的抗旱性进行评价。[结果]3个品种籽粒苋幼苗的生长指标(株高、叶片数、茎宽)均随干旱胁迫强度的增加呈逐渐下降趋势;在中度和重度干旱胁迫下,3个品种籽粒苋幼苗的株高、叶片数、茎宽均显著(P<0.05)低于CK和轻度干旱。在受到不同强度的干旱胁迫处理后,3个品种籽粒苋幼苗普遍表现出SPAD值降低、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量升高、脯氨酸(proline,PRO)含量升高、可溶性糖(soluble sugar,SS)含量先升高后降低的变化特点,而可溶性蛋白(soluble protein,SP)含量变化不明显。随干旱胁迫强度的增加,美国籽粒苋幼苗叶片的相对电导率(relative conductivity,RC)逐渐下降,千穗谷幼苗叶片的RC逐渐上升,籽粒苋N053的RC呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。3个品种籽粒苋幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活力总体呈先升高后降低的趋势;在重度干旱胁迫下,美国籽粒苋幼苗的SOD和POD活力显著(P<0.05)高于千穗谷和籽粒苋N053,CAT活力也高于千穗谷和籽粒苋N053。主成分分析显示,前4个主成分的贡献率分别为35.456%、20.030%、12.507%、8.371%,累计贡献率为76.364%;前4个主成分中特征向量绝对值较大的指标包括株高、叶片数、茎宽、MDA含量、CAT活力、POD活力、SOD�[Objective]This study was conducted to assess the effects of drought stress at different intensities on the growth and physiological characteristics of Amarunthus hypochondriacus seedlings,and to compare the drought resistance traits of different varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus seedlings.[Method]Three varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus,including Qiansuigu,American Grain Amaranth and Grain Amaranth N053 were selected as the experimental materials.Indoor pot experiment and artificial water control experiment were conducted,with 80%of the maximum soil moisture content as the control group(CK).Mild,moderate and severe drought stress treatments were set up,with the soil moisture content of 60%,40%and 20%of the maximum soil moisture content,respectively.The growth and physiological indicators of different varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus seedlings under different drought stress intensities were measured and statistically compared.The evaluation indicators were screened through principal component analysis,and subsequently the drought resistance of the three varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus seedlings was assessed using the membership function comprehensive evaluation method.[Result]The seedling growth indicators(plant height,number of leaves and stem width)of the three Amarunthus hypochondriacus varieties had gradually decreasing trends with the increase of drought stress intensities.Under the moderate and severe drought stress,the plant height,number of leaves and stem width of the three varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus seedlings were significantly(P<0.05)lower than those of CK and the mild drought stress.With the increase of drought stress intensities,the three varieties of Amarunthus hypochondriacus seedlings had generally decreased SPAD value,increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content,elevated proline(PRO)content,increased first and then decreased soluble sugar(SS)content,while the soluble protein(SP)content had no obvious change.As the intensities of drought stress increased,the leaf re

关 键 词：籽粒苋 幼苗 干旱 胁迫强度 生长特性 生理特性 抗旱性 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学] S503.4