干乳期奶牛隐性乳腺炎主要致病菌的分离、鉴定及2种抗菌药物的体外抗菌效果评价  

Isolation and Identification of the Main Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Dry Period and Evaluation of In Vitro Antibacterial Effects of Two Antibiotics

作　　者：艾俊杰 戴小华[1,2] 何薇 宋林卿 王彦斌 王利敏 冯浩强 AI Junjie;DAI Xiaohua;HE Wei;SONG Linqing;WANG Yanbin;WANG Limin;FENG Haoqiang(Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Research and Innovation of New Drugs for Herbivores,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆草食动物新药研究与创制重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2024年第2期122-128,共7页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)项目(2022E02014)。

摘　　要：[目的]对新疆维吾尔自治区奶牛隐性乳腺炎常见致病菌进行分离、鉴定,评价头孢洛宁和利福昔明对临床分离菌株的体外抗菌效果。[方法]采用兰州隐性乳腺炎诊断液对新疆维吾尔自治区昌吉回族自治州某奶牛养殖场的干乳期奶牛进行诊断;利用平板划线法及细菌16S rDNA序列分析法对采集的74份乳样进行细菌分离及种属鉴定;应用微量肉汤稀释法测定头孢洛宁和利福昔明对致病菌临床分离株的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)以及最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。[结果]从74份乳样中共分离、鉴定致病菌9种、103株,其中,金黄色葡萄球菌35株,占总菌株数量的33.98%;大肠杆菌24株,占总菌株数量的23.30%;产色葡萄球菌15株,占总菌株数量的14.56%;模仿葡萄球菌(10株)、表皮葡萄球菌(6株)、屎肠球菌(5株)、溶血性葡萄球菌(4株)、地衣芽孢杆菌(3株)和腐生葡萄球菌(1株)的数量分别占总菌株数量的9.70%、5.83%、4.85%、3.88%、2.91%、0.97%。体外抗菌试验结果显示,头孢洛宁对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、产色葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、模仿葡萄球菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的MIC分别为0.12、3.91、0.98、0.06、0.98、0.98、3.91、0.06、0.49μg/mL,MBC分别为0.24、7.81、1.95、0.12、1.95、1.95、7.81、0.24、1.95μg/mL;利福昔明对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、产色葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、模仿葡萄球菌和地衣芽孢杆菌的MIC分别为0.20、6.25、1.56、0.78、1.56、1.56、12.50、0.20、0.20μg/mL,MBC分别为0.78、12.50、3.13、1.56、3.13、3.13、12.50、0.78、1.56μg/mL。[结论]引起该养殖场干乳期奶牛隐性乳腺炎的主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、产色葡萄球菌;头孢洛宁和利福昔明对临床分离的致病菌株均有良好的抑菌效果。[Objective]This study was conducted to isolate and identify the common pathogenic bacteria associated with subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effects of cefalonium and rifaximin against the clinical bacterial isolates.[Method]The subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in dry period in a dairy farm in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was diagnosed using Lanzhou mastitis test(LMT).The bacterial isolation and species identification of a total of 74 collected milk samples were performed using streak plate method and 16S rDNA sequence analysis method.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of cefalonium and rifaximin against the clinical isolates were determined by micro-broth dilution method.[Result]A total of 103 pathogenic bacterial isolates belonging to 9 species were obtained from the 74 milk samples.Among them,Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus,n=35),Escherichia coli(E.coli,n=24)and Staphylococcus chromogenes(S.chromogenes,n=15)were found as the dominant species,accounting for 33.98%,23.30%and 14.56%of the total number of the isolates,respectively.Staphylococcus simulans(S.simulans,n=10),Staphylococcus epidermidis(S.epidermidis,n=6),Enterococcus faecium(E.faecium,n=5),Staphylococcus haemolyticus(S.haemolyticus,n=4),Bacillus licheniformis(B.licheniformis,n=3)and Staphylococcus saprophyticus(S.saprophyticus,n=1)were also observed,accounting for 9.70%,5.83%,4.85%,3.88%,2.91%and 0.97%of the total number of the isolates,respectively.The in vitro antibacterial test showed that the MICs of cefalonium against S.aureus,E.coli,S.chromogenes,S.haemolyticus,S.epidermidis,S.saprophyticus,E.faecium,S.simulans and B.licheniformis were 0.12,3.91,0.98,0.06,0.98,0.98,3.91,0.06 and 0.49μg/mL,respectively,and the corresponding MBCs were 0.24,7.81,1.95,0.12,1.95,1.95,7.81,0.24 and 1.95μg/mL,respectively.The MICs of rifaximin against S.aureus,E.coli,S.chromogenes,S.haemolyticus,S.epide

关 键 词：头孢洛宁 利福昔明 干乳期奶牛 隐性乳腺炎 致病菌 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学] S858.237.26[农业科学—兽医学]