一种基于直流式风洞的火星尘暴模拟装置  

Design of a Martian dust storm simulator based on open return wind tunnel

作　　者：刘琛[1] 王芳[1] 李丽芳[1] 周文[2] 王振果[2] 闫继宏[1] 吴宜勇[1] LIU Chen;WANG Fang;LI Lifang;ZHOU Wen;WANG Zhenguo;YAN Jihong;WU Yiyong(School of Space Environment and Matter Science,Harbin Institute of Technology;AVIC Aerodynamics Research Institute:Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学空间环境与物质科学研究院,哈尔滨150001 [2]中国航空工业空气动力研究院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2024年第2期123-128,共6页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

摘　　要：为了研究火星表面尘暴环境对探测器及人类活动的影响,研制了一种基于低密度直流式风洞的火星尘暴环境模拟装置:采用超声速引射器作为风洞动力源,结合具备多工况动态调节能力的大抽气量真空系统,实现了引射气量精准调控,可模拟100~1500 Pa低气压下的5~100 m/s大跨度风速;针对低气压下沙尘浓度难以精确控制的问题,采用振动式喂料、逆向螺旋式喷嘴设计以及大周期滞后串级调节方式,实现了0.1~1 g/m^(3)的沙尘浓度精确控制。该装置可用于研究火星尘暴环境对材料和机构的影响,同时还可用于火星气动力研究。In order to investigate the impact of the Martian surface dust storm environment on probes and human activities,a Martian dust storm simulator based on a low-density open return wind tunnel was developed.A supersonic ejector was used as the power source of the wind tunnel,combined with a high volume pumping system with dynamic regulation capability for multiple working conditions.The accurate control of the injected air volume was achieved,and a simulation for large-span wind speed of 5 m/s to100 m/s under low pressure of 100 Pa to1500 Pa was realized.In response to the difficulty of the accurate controll of the dust concentration under low pressure,vibration feeding,reverse spiral nozzle design,and large period lag cascade regulation method were adopted for adjusting the dust concentration from 0.1 g/m^(3) to 1 g/m3.The simulator may be applied for studying the influence of Martian dust storm on materials and mechanisms,as well as for research of Martian aerodynamics.

关 键 词：直流式风洞 超声速引射器 大跨度风速 沙尘浓度 流场模拟 

分 类 号：V416.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V524.3