伽马射线探测器冲击减振设计及验证  

Design and validation on impact damping performance of a gamma ray detector

作　　者：张志港 孟春玲[1] 王瑞杰[2] 董永伟[2] 孙建超[2] ZHANG Zhigang;MENG Chunling;WANG Ruijie;DONG Yongwei;SUN Jianchao(School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学人工智能学院,北京100048 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2024年第2期167-175,共9页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:11961141013);国家自然科学基金委员会-中国科学院天文联合基金项目(编号:U1631242)。

摘　　要：针对某伽马射线探测器受到振动冲击后敏感器件损坏严重的问题进行减振设计,研究减振器阻尼层尺寸参数对整体固有频率和抗冲击性能的影响,以及薄壁结构基座对抑制振动和冲击传递的影响;进而采取设计减振器、合理选取阻尼层尺寸参数、增加二级阻尼缓冲减振和改进薄壁结构的措施完成减振设计;最后通过仿真和试验验证减振设计的合理性。研究表明:减振器能够降低结构刚度,对冲击产生大幅度衰减作用;阻尼层直径是提高抗冲击性能的主要因素,探测器整体固有频率和冲击响应均随阻尼层直径的增加而减小;薄壁结构基座对激励有放大作用,可以通过调整局部结构降低冲击响应;二级阻尼缓冲减振设计对关键器件有较好的减振功效,尤其是在低频段。该研究可为有结构限制要求的航天器的冲击减振设计提供参考。In view of the serious damage to the sensitive components of a gamma ray detector from impacting,the influence of damping layer dimension parameters of the shock absorber on its overall natural frequency and impact resistance performance was studied.The effect of the thin-walled structure on the vibration suppression and impact transmission was also investigated.The vibration reduction was completed by proper design of the shock absorber,reasonable selection of damping layer dimension parameters,adding the secondary stage damping buffer,and improving the thin-walled structure.Finally,the design was verified through simulation and test.It is shown that the shock absorber can reduce the structural stiffness and significantly attenuate the impact.The outer diameter of the damping layer is the main factor for improving the shock resistance,as both the overall natural frequency and the impact response decrease with the increasing diameter.The thin-walled structures have an amplification effect on excitation,whose impact response can be reduced by adjusting local structures.The secondary stage damping buffer exhibits a good vibration reduction effect on the key components,and the effect is more pronounced at low frequencies.The above study may provide a reference for the shock attenuation of spacecraft with structural constraints.

关 键 词：减振设计 有限元法 阻尼层 冲击减振 二级阻尼缓冲减振 

分 类 号：V443[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]