天文应用红外焦平面读出电路研究  

Research of IRFPA ROIC for astronomy

作　　者：梁清华[1] 魏彦峰[1] 陈洪雷[1] 郭晶 丁瑞军[1] Liang Qinghua;Wei Yanfeng;Chen Honglei;Guo Jing;Ding Ruijun(National Key Laboratory of Infrared Detection Technologies,Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所红外探测全国重点实验室,上海200083

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第1期55-67,共13页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院青年创新促进会项目。

摘　　要：成功设计了一款天文应用的640×512短波红外焦平面读出电路。由于红外天文观测具有极低背景辐射、光子通量低的特点,为了实现探测器的高信噪比,需要降低器件的暗电流和电路噪声。电路采用有效的功耗管理策略,在保证电路正常工作的前提下尽可能地降低电路功耗以减小电路辉光对器件暗电流的影响。同时,研究非破坏性读出的数字功能,实现了超长的积分时间和信号的多帧累积,并作为一种斜坡采样的策略有效地降低读出噪声。短波HgCdTe焦平面的测试结果符合理论设计预期,开启电路非破坏性读出功能,设置6 000 s的积分时间,当电路功耗调低至14.04 mW时暗电流为0.9 e-·pixel^(-1)·s^(-1)。读出噪声在两档增益下分别为50 e-(10 fF)和27 e-(5 fF),非线性度低于0.1%。Objective Because of the redshift effect,the deepest and most distant universe has been seen at wavelengths closer to the infrared wavelength.The James Webb Space Telescope(JWST),launched on December 25,2021,focuses its main detector on the infrared detection band.Therefore,infrared observation provides a new technical means for astronomical observation.The core component of infrared payload is infrared focal plane detector.At present,the typical products of mercury cadmium telluride infrared detectors for astronomical applications reported internationally are Hawii-2RG,VIRGO,ALFA(Astronomical Large Focal plane Array),etc.,which have been applied in the European Space Agency(ESA).Projects such as the European Space Agency's Euclid probe and NASA's JWST.Because there is still a big gap between the device performance and the advanced level of foreign countries,the progress of infrared astronomy application is relatively slow,and there are few reports about astronomical application detectors in China.Therefore,a 640×512 HgCdTe focal plane readout circuit for the astronomical application is studied.Methods Because infrared astronomical observation is characterized by extremely low background radiation and low photon flux,low dark current and low read noise are the key array parameters in order to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio(S/N).Some low-flux observations require observation of several photoelectrons in a very long integration time,so the readout circuit needs to achieve a long integration time to complete the detection of small target signals.An effective power management strategy(Fig.5-6)is used to reduce the power consumption,then reduce the influence of glow on the dark current.At the same time,the digital function of non-destructive readout(Fig.9)is studied to achieve long integration time.And as a ramp sampling strategy(Fig.17),the output noise of the circuit is effectively reduced.Results and Discussions The test results of the circuit-coupled shortwave HgCdTe detector are in line with the theoretical

关 键 词：红外天文观测 红外焦平面读出电路 低功耗 非破坏性读出 读出噪声 

分 类 号：TN215[电子电信—物理电子学]