防御商标对驰名商标按需认定的影响  

The Impact of Defensive Trademarks on the Necessary-Only Recognition of Well-known Trademarks

作　　者：李雨峰 Li Yufeng

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2024年第3期21-33,共13页Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“互联网平台避风港规则研究”(项目批准号:22VRC101)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：驰名商标的跨类保护扩大了商标的保护范围,但也模糊了商标所有人的权利界限和第三人的行为空间。为确保市场主体的行为预期,我国确定了驰名商标跨类保护的按需认定原则,仅在处理案件纠纷需要时,才对涉案商标是否驰名的事实进行审查。作为跨类保护的替代选择,有些商标所有人选择事先注册防御商标。商标所有人注册的防御商标清楚划定商标权的边界和第三人的行为空间,应具有优先性;商标权人欲在核定商品范围之外排除他人,可在诉讼中选择驰名商标的跨类保护,具有次位性。只有在即使注册了防御商标仍不能认定构成商标侵权但有可能给消费者带来误认时,才可启动涉案商标是否驰名的审查。即使应当对驰名商标给予较大范围的保护,驰名商标的保护体系也应服从商标法的注册体系。The cross-class protection of well-known trademarks not only expands the protection scope of trademarks but also blurs the lines between the rights of trademark owners and the freedom of actions of third parties.To ensure predictability of market entities in terms of their behaviors,China has established the principle of"necessary-only"recognition for cross-class protection of wellknown trademarks,wherein the determination of whether the trademark in question is well-known or not is examined only when necessary to address disputes in the case.As an alternative to cross-class protection,some trademark owners choose to register defensive trademarks in advance.The defensive trademark registered by the trademark owner clearly delineates the boundary of the trademark rights and the permitted actions of third parties,making it the preferred choice;trademark owners seeking to exclude others beyond the approved scope of goods may choose cross-class protection of well-known trademarks in litigation,which serves as the secondary form of protection.Only when trademark infringement cannot be established even after considering registered defensive marks,but there is a likelihood of consumers'misidentification,should the recognition of well-known trademarks be initiated.Despite the need to offer a broader scope of protection to well-known trademarks,the mechanism for protecting such trademarks should adhere to the registration system of trademark law.

关 键 词：驰名商标 按需认定 防御商标 注册功能 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]