“反公地困局”引发的北京老旧小区改造集体行动困境:基于媒体大数据的分析  

The Collective Action Dilemma of Old Residential Areas Renewal in BeijingCaused by the Tragedy of the Anti-commons: An Analysis Based onMedia Big Data

作　　者：刘锦轩 田莉[2] LIU Jinxuan;TIAN Li

机构地区：[1]四川省国土空间规划研究院,四川成都610081 [2]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第3期73-81,共9页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：北京卓越青年科学家计划(项目编号:JJWZYJH01201910003010)。

摘　　要：老旧小区改造是我国城市更新国家战略的关键部分,但面临着复杂的利益协调问题,常会出现“反公地困局”引发的集体行动困境。基于集体行动与反公地困局理论,使用Python和自然语言处理技术等对北京卫视《向前一步》节目52个老旧小区改造实践案例进行实证研究,挖掘北京市老旧小区改造中各参与主体的利益诉求及核心矛盾。研究发现,老旧小区改造具有准公共物品的属性,其效用的不可分割性带来了搭便车的问题,而管理碎片化和产权破碎化会引发不同类型的反公地困局。此外,居民个体对老旧小区改造的价值偏好、参与改造的居民规模等均会对个体参与集体行动的成本收益函数产生影响,进而影响个体的决策。最后,对如何破解反公地困局的政策建议进行了讨论。The renewal of old residential areas is pivotal in China's urban renewal strategy.However,it involves intricate interest coordination,often resulting in a collective action dilemma triggered by tragedy of the anti-commons.This study empirically researches 52 cases of old community renewal from the"One Step Forward(Xiangqianyibu)"program using Python and NLP technology.It aims to uncover stakeholders’interests and core conflicts.Findings reveal characteristics of quasi-public goods in the renewal process,with indivisibility of its utility leading to the free-rider problem.Additionally,managerial fragmentation and property fragmentation can induce different types of tragedies of anti-commons.Furthermore,individual renewal preferences and participant scale influence the cost-benefit function of collective action participation,affecting individual decisions.Finally,policy recommendations on addressing the tragedy of anti-commons are discussed.

关 键 词：老旧小区改造 城市更新 集体行动 反公地困局 公地困局 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]