稀土纳米材料在脑肿瘤成像和治疗中的研究进展  

Applications of Rare Earth-Based Nanoparticles in Brain Tumors

作　　者：尹娜 王樱蕙 张洪杰[1,2] YIN Na;WANG Ying-Hui;ZHANG Hong-Jie(State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China;Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,稀土资源利用国家重点实验室,长春130022 [2]清华大学化学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《应用化学》2024年第3期309-327,共19页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.52022094,22020102003,52272169,21673220)资助。

摘　　要：脑肿瘤是最致命的疾病之一,由于缺乏有效的诊断和治疗手段导致其预后差、复发率高,患者5年生存率低。因此,许多研究人员致力于开发非侵入性高分辨率成像技术以获得脑肿瘤的解剖结构和信息,实现精准的早期诊断,并开发新型高效的治疗方式,以及诊断、治疗一体化的新范式。稀土纳米材料(Rare earth-based nanoparticles,RENPs)因其独有的优势被广泛应用于疾病诊断、药物输送、肿瘤治疗和生物成像等领域。RENPs具有独特的光学、磁学特性和高X射线吸收能力,可通过荧光成像、磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描成像对脑肿瘤进行高分辨率成像。RENPs的发射光可调谐,特别是其近红外第二生物学窗口(Second near-infrared,NIR-Ⅱ,1000~1700 nm)的发射具有较强的组织穿透性,低的背景荧光干扰,适合用于荧光成像探针及光响应性治疗的光刺激。重要的是,RENPs还具有优异的生物相容性以及表面易功能化等特点,可与抗体、肽和药物等生物大分子结合,以增强穿越血脑屏障(Blood-brain barrier,BBB)的能力,有利于靶向治疗和高对比度成像。因此,本综述重点介绍了RENPs在脑肿瘤成像和治疗领域的设计策略和应用,最后探讨了RENPs在肿瘤诊疗领域现有的挑战并对其未来的发展进行了展望。Brain tumors are among the most fatal and devastating diseases,and the lack of effective diagnosis and treatment methods leads to poor prognosis,recurrence-prone,and low patient survival.So far,many researchers have dedicated to develop noninvasive high-resolution imaging to obtain anatomical structures and information about brain tumors,to achieve precise early diagnosis,and to develop novel and efficient therapeutic methods,as well as all-in-one theranostic nanoplatform.Rare earth-based nanoparticles(RENPs)have been widely used in the fields of disease diagnosis,drug delivery,tumor therapy,and bio-imaging,etc.RENPs with unique optical,magnetic properties and high X-ray absorption can be applied for high-resolution imaging of brain tumors by fluorescence imaging,magnetic resonance imaging,and computed tomography imaging.The emission spectrum of RENPs is characterized by low absorption,low photon scattering,and low autofluorescence interference,especially in the NIR-Ⅱband(Second near-infrared,1000~1700 nm),which has deep tissue penetration and is suitable as exogenous stimulation for light-responsive therapy.Importantly,RENPs also exhibit low toxicity,biocompatibility,and facile surface functionalization for binding to biomolecules such as antibodies,peptides,and drugs to enhance the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier,which favors targeting therapy and high-contrast imaging.Therefore,this review focuses on the design strategies and applications of rare earth-based materials in the field of brain tumor imaging and therapy,and finally discusses the challenges of RENPs in tumor diagnosis and treatment and provides an outlook on their future development.

关 键 词：稀土纳米材料 稀土掺杂 脑肿瘤 生物成像 肿瘤治疗 诊疗一体化 

分 类 号：O611[理学—无机化学]