H13热锻模具钢激光熔覆再制造工艺实验研究  

Experimental Study on Laser Cladding Remanufacturing Process of H13 Hot Forging Die Steel

作　　者：王颢达 郝敬宾[1] 田洪芳 方松峪 WANG Haoda;HAO Jingbin;TIAN Hongfang;FANG Songyu(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Shandong Haida Robot Technology Co.,Ltd.,Rizhao 276801,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]山东海大机器人科技有限公司,山东日照276801

出　　处：《材料开发与应用》2024年第1期74-85,共12页Development and Application of Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52275224);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2021TSGC1348);徐州市基础研究计划面上项目(KC23075)。

摘　　要：热锻模具在工作过程中往往需要承受极高的温度和强烈的冲击负荷,极易受到磨损、腐蚀、热疲劳的影响而失效。本研究对H13热锻模具钢激光熔覆再制造技术进行了工艺实验研究,在H13模具钢表面制备了Inconel 625高温合金涂层,分析了涂层的微观组织以及力学性能。结果表明,工艺参数的改变对涂层的物相组成并未产生影响,熔覆层与基体有良好的冶金结合;当激光功率为1 200 W、扫描速度为200 mm·min^(-1)、送粉速度为1.0 r·min^(-1)时所获得的熔覆层具有最佳的显微硬度和高温耐磨性。通过汽车阶梯轴锻造模具再制造实验表明,熔覆涂层的磨损率相比于基体降低了28%,涂层的高温耐磨性明显高于基体的,激光熔覆Inconel 625涂层对模具再制造的服役寿命有着较大的提升。The hot forging die often has to bear extremely high temperature and strong impact load in the working process,and it is very easy to fail due to wear,corrosion and thermal fatigue.In this study,the process experimentation of H13 hot forging die steel laser cladding technology is studied,and the Inconel 625 high-temperature alloy coating on the surface of H13 die steel is prepared.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings are analyzed.The results show that the change of process parameters has no effect on the phase composition of the coating,and a robust metallurgical bond is established between the cladding layer and the substrate.The optimal microhardness and high-temperature wear resistance are achieved when the laser power is 1200 W,the scanning speed is 200 mm·min^(-1),and the powder feeding rate is 1.0 r·min^(-1).Experimental results from the re-manufacturing of automotive stepped shaft forging dies demonstrate a 28%reduction in wear rate compared with the substrate,and the high-temperature wear resistance of the coating significantly exceeds that of the substrate.The laser-clad Inconel 625 coating has a substantial impact on the service life improvement of the die re-manufacturing.

关 键 词：激光熔覆再制造 热锻模具 高温合金涂层 微观组织 摩擦磨损 

分 类 号：TG706[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]