播期对夏玉米生长、品质及产量的影响  

Effect of Sowing Date on Growth,Yield and Quality of Summer Maize

作　　者：卢霞 王福州 LU Xia;WANG Fuzhou(Hebi Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology and Remote Sensing,Hebi Meteorological Service,Hebi National Comprehensive Meteorological Observation Special Test Field,Hebi Henan 458080,China)

机构地区：[1]鹤壁市农业气象与遥感重点实验室,鹤壁市气象局,鹤壁国家综合气象观测专项试验外场,河南鹤壁458080

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第3期47-52,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

摘　　要：为研究豫北平原玉米的适宜播期,选取当地大范围种植品种郑单958为供试品种,比较播期推迟(5月31日、6月10日、6月20日和6月30日)对玉米生长发育的气象条件、叶面积指数、光合特性、产量形成和籽粒品质的影响,以期为玉米优质高产提供参考和指导。研究结果表明,随着播期的推迟,花期高温和花期连阴雨的发生率降低;叶面积指数和光合势呈现先升后降的趋势,B_(3)处理叶面积指数和光合势较大。B_(1)、B_(2)和B_(3)处理玉米产量差异性不大,B_(4)处理与其他播期相比产量下降极显著。B_(3)处理玉米的氨基酸、蛋白质、淀粉等含量均较高,因此,为保证玉米有充足的光合效率,达到较高的产量和优质的籽粒品质,郑单958播期最晚可推迟至6月20日。In order to find out suitable sowing date of maize in plain area of northern Henan Province,Zhengdan 958,a large local cul-tivar,was selected as tested strain.Effects of delayed sowing date of summer maize on meteorological conditions,leaf area index,photosynthetic characteristics,yield formation and grain quality of maize growth and development under conditions of four sowing dates(May 31,June 10,June 20 and June 30)were compared and studied,so as to provide reference and guidance for high-quality and high-yield maize.Results showed that,with delay of sowing date,incidences of high temperature and continuous rain during flowering period decreased,leaf area index and photosynthetic potential showed an increasing trend first but then decreasing,and leaf area index and photosynthetic potential were larger in B_(3)treatment.Maize yield was not very different among B_(1),B_(2)and B_(3)treatments,and decrease in yield was extremely significant in B_(4)treatment compared with other sowing periods.B_(3)treated maize had higher contents of amino acids,proteins,starch,etc.in order to ensure sufficient photosynthetic efficiency,achieve higher yield and superior grain quality of maize,the latest sowing date of Zhengdan 958 could be postponed until 20 June.

关 键 词：夏玉米 播期 光合势 产量 籽粒品质 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]