新时代推进共同富裕如何避免福利陷阱?  

How to Avoid the Welfare Trap of Promoting Common Prosperity in the New Era?

作　　者：常庆欣[1,2] 王腾 CHANG Qing-xin;WANG Teng(School of Marxism,Renmin University of China,100872;National Research Center for Socialist Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics,Renmin University of China,100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学马克思主义学院,100872 [2]中国人民大学全国中国特色社会主义政治经济学研究中心,100872

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2024年第4期31-43,共13页Shanghai Journal of Economics

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“中国式现代化新道路的历史演进、内涵特征与实践路径研究”(编号:22XNH124)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：如何避免福利陷阱是我们在中国式现代化下扎实推进共同富裕必须深入思考的一个现实问题。理解福利陷阱的成因和实质,能够在社会主义制度和资本主义制度并行与竞争的意义上,深刻把握共同富裕避免福利陷阱的理论机理、特征优势和实践路径。本文从生产方式视角出发,认为狭义上福利陷阱作为福利社会危机的直观表现,是福利社会模式下资本主义生产方式内在矛盾的产物。我国所追求和推进的共同富裕在价值维度、所有制维度和保障手段维度与资本主义福利社会存在本质区别,这是共同富裕能够规避福利陷阱的价值基础、制度前提和根本保证。广义上福利陷阱指倘若一个社会的发展模式与高福利政策不相匹配,也会在一般意义上由于“过度福利”或“泛福利化”而陷入一系列危机。我们要在学习借鉴国外社会保障有益经验与吸取其失败教训的基础上,切实立足我国实际,把社会主义制度优势转化为福利陷阱治理效能,发挥基本经济制度保障作用;不断完善与我国发展水平相适应的中国特色社会保障体系,避免盲目“福利赶超”,高水平统筹经济发展和社会保障;以系统观念构建“大社会保障观”,处理好发展和分配的关系,在中国式现代化新征程上奋力谱写共同富裕新篇章。How to avoid the welfare trap is a practical problem that we must think deeply about in order to promote Common Prosperity in a solid way under the Chinese Path to Modernization.Understanding the causes and essence of the welfare trap can profoundly grasp the theoretical mechanism,characteristic advantages and practical path of Common Prosperity to avoid the welfare trap in the sense of parallel and competition between the socialist system and the capitalist system.From the perspective of production mode,this paper holds that welfare trap in a narrow sense,as an intuitive manifestation of the crisis of welfare society,is the product of the inherent contradiction of capitalist production mode under the mode of welfare society.The Common Prosperity pursued and promoted by China is fundamentally different from the capitalist welfare society in terms of value,ownership and security means,which is the value basis,institutional premise and fundamental guarantee for Common Prosperity to avoid welfare traps.In a broad sense,the welfare trap means that if a society's development model does not match the high welfare policy,it will also fall into a series of crises due to‘excessive welfare'or‘pan-welfare'in the general sense.On the basis of learning from the beneficial experience of foreign social security and learning from their failures,we should earnestly base ourselves on China's reality,transform the advantages of the socialist system into the effectiveness of welfare trap governance,give full play to the role of the basic economic system,constantly improve the social security system with Chinese characteristics that is compatible with China's development level,avoid blind“welfare catch-up”,and coordinate economic development and social security at a high level.We will build a“Big Social Security Concept”with a systematic concept,handle the relationship between development and distribution,and strive to write a new chapter of common prosperity on the new journey of Chinese Path to Modernization.

关 键 词：共同富裕 福利社会 福利陷阱 泛福利化 中国特色社会保障体系 

分 类 号：F120.2[经济管理—世界经济]