基因组修饰提高油菜非生物胁迫耐受性及应对气候变化  

Genome modification improves abiotic stress tolerance in oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)and responds to climate change

作　　者：黄倩 Muhammad Ahsan FAROOQ 张康妮 Ahsan AYYAZ 万光龙[1] 斯燕琼 Fakhir HANNAN 周伟军[1,2] HUANG Qian;Muhammad Ahsan FAROOQ;ZHANG Kangni;Ahsan AYYAZ;WAN Guanglong;SI Yanqiong;Fakhir HANNAN;ZHOU Weijun(College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China;Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China;Zhuji Dongbaiyuan Ecological Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd,Shaoxing 311800,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]农业农村部光谱检测重点实验室,浙江杭州310058 [3]诸暨市东白缘生态农业科技有限公司,浙江绍兴311800

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2024年第2期280-294,共15页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：Pioneer R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(2023C02002-3);Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Cosponsored by Province and Ministry(CIC-MCP).

摘　　要：当前农业面临多重挑战,其中迫切需要提升产量以满足不断增长的人口需求。盐碱、干旱和极端温度等非生物胁迫是影响植物生长发育和产量的关键因素。油菜作为全球主要的油料作物,是食用植物油、生物柴油和动物饲料的重要来源,研究其遗传变异与生物学特性对于培育能够适应不同环境条件的新品种(基因型)至关重要。本文对近年来国内外油菜抗逆基因的相关研究进展进行了综述,重点总结了新兴分子育种工具和技术,包括全基因组关联分析、基因编辑等在油菜抗逆基因研究中应用的技术,以期为油菜高产抗逆基因的挖掘以及分子育种提供研究基础与技术支撑。Current agriculture faces the challenge of significantly increasing production to meet the needs of a large human population.Abiotic stresses,such as salinity,drought,and temperature extremes,severely impact plant growth,development and production.Brassica species,particularly Brassica napus L.,are important worldwide sources of edible oil,biodiesel and animal feed.Understanding the genetic variation within the Brassica genus is crucial for developing new varieties(genotypes)adapted to different environmental conditions.This paper reviewed the recent advances on stress-resistant genes in B.napus both domestically and internationally,with a particular focus on emerging molecular breeding tools and technologies,including whole-genome association analysis,gene editing and other technologies.This study aimed to contribute to the exploration of high-yielding and stress-resistant genes in B.napus and to provide a research foundation and technical support for molecular breeding.

关 键 词：油菜 遗传变异 非生物胁迫 株型结构 基因组改良 

分 类 号：S565[农业科学—作物学]