儿童社区获得性肺炎病原学调查及耐药性分析  

Investigation on Etiology and Drug Resistance Analysis of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Children

作　　者：义崇斌 全昌园 Yi Chongbin;Quan Changyuan(Hezhou People's Hospital,Hezhou 542800,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]贺州市人民医院,广西壮族自治区贺州542800

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2024年第5期156-158,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:对儿童社区获得性肺炎病原学调查及耐药性进行研究分析。方法:选取2021年1—12月贺州市人民医院收治的儿童社区获得性肺炎患儿1374例作为研究对象,根据其年龄分为婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前组及学龄组,对患儿进行痰液鉴定与药敏试验,统计患儿的病原菌分布情况、检出情况,不同季节患儿病原菌阳性检出率,肺炎链球菌耐药情况。结果:1374例儿童社区获得性肺炎患儿中,共检出病原菌1429株,其中细菌778株,病毒243株,肺炎支原体339株,肺炎衣原体69株。混合感染患儿387例。婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前组、学龄组检出最多的分别是病毒、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌、肺炎支原体。冬季病原菌阳性检出率最高。肺炎链球菌对大环内酯类抗生素耐药率最高,对于常用二代头孢类抗生素耐药率较高,对于三代与四代头孢类抗生素耐药率较低。结论:贺州市人民医院儿童社区获得性肺炎由于细菌、病毒、肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体感染而发病,不同年龄段患儿在病原菌分布方面存在一定差异,患儿在冬春季节各病原菌检出率较高,肺炎链球菌检出率较高,不建议将大环内酯类、二代头孢类抗生素作为经验性用药。Objective:To conduct research and analysis on the etiology and drug resistance of community-acquired pneumonia in children.Methods:A total of 1374 children with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to Hezhou People's Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects and divided into infant group,toddler group,preschool group and school-age group according to their age.The children were subjected to sputum identification and drug susceptibility testing,and statistics were collected on the distribution and detection of pathogenic bacteria in children,the positive detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in children in different seasons,and the drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae.Results:Among 1374 children with community-acquired pneumonia,a total of 1429 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,including 778 strains of bacteria,243 strains of viruses,339 strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae,and 69 strains of Chlamydia pneumoniae.There were 387 children with mixed infection.The most frequently detected viruses in the infant group,toddler group,preschool group,and school-age group were viruses,Haemophilus influenzae,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae respectively.The positive detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was highest in winter.Streptococcus pneumoniae had the highest resistance rate to macrolide antibiotics,a higher resistance rate to commonly used second-generation cephalosporin antibiotics,and a lower resistance rate to third-and fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotics.Conclusion:Community-acquired pneumonia in children in Hezhou People's Hospital is caused by infection with bacteria,viruses,Mycoplasma pneumoniae,and Chlamydia pneumoniae.There are certain differences in the distribution of pathogenic bacteria among children of different ages.In children,the detection rate of various pathogenic bacteria is higher in winter and spring,and the detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae is higher.It is not recommended to use macrolides and second-generation

关 键 词：儿童社区获得性肺炎 病原学 耐药性 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]