基于耐用型超疏水效果的蝶翅微结构表征分析  

Microstructure Characteristics Analysis of Butterfly Wing Based on Durable Super-hydrophobic Effect

作　　者：王冠 WANG Guan(The 51st Research Institute of CETC,Shanghai 201802,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第五十一研究所,上海201802

出　　处：《电子机械工程》2024年第2期34-38,共5页Electro-Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：超疏水涂层具有“主动式不沾水”效应,因此采用超疏水涂层成为新一代解决电子设备金属构件“三防”问题的重要途径之一。不过,该类材料往往是基于对荷叶效应的仿生研究而制备的,存在因微观结构易受损而失效的显著痛点,被限制推广应用。文中对4类8种蝴蝶翅膀(简称蝶翅)进行了光学显微镜下的微观分析和扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)下的超微观分析,得到不同视角下的蝶翅结构特征:在光学显微镜下,蝶翅上均密布微米级的鳞片,鳞片之间层叠覆盖;在扫描电子显微镜下,各鳞片由矩形或蜂窝形的纳米级超微结构单元构成。该结构特征符合超疏水经典理论的Cassie-Baxter结构形态,因此蝶翅呈现了超疏水效果,但鳞片上矩形或蜂窝形的闭合式结构单元与荷叶单柱状的开放式结构单元明显不同,理论上前者的物理结构强度更大,可为研制新型耐用型仿生超疏水涂层提供新的思路。The super-hydrophobic coating has“active water repellent”effect,so adopting the super-hydrophobic coating is one of the important new generation ways to solve the“three defenses”problem of the metal components of electronic equipment.However,this kind of materials is often prepared based on the biomimetic research of lotus leaf effect and their applications are limited because of the obvious disadvantage of failure due to easy destruction of microstructure.Through the microscopic and ultramicroscopic analysis of four kinds of butterfly wings(eight butterflies)under light microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM),the structural characteristics of butterfly wings from different perspectives are achieved in this paper.Under light microscope,the butterfly wings are densely covered with micron scales,and the scales are covered by layers;under SEM,the scales are composed of rectangular or honeycomb-shaped nanometer scale ultramicroscopic structural units.This structural characteristics are consistent with the Cassie-Baxter structural morphology of super-hydrophobic classical theory,so the butterfly wings present super-hydrophobic effect,but the rectangular or honeycomb-shaped closed structural units on scales are obviously different from the single column-shaped open structural units on lotus leaf,and the physical structure strength of the former is higher than that of the latter in theory,which can provide a new type of idea to develop new durable bionic super-hydrophobic coating.

关 键 词：荷叶 蝴蝶翅膀 超疏水涂层 “三防”涂料 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]