法老时代埃及奴隶研究  

A Study of Slaves in Pharaonic Egypt

作　　者：杨熹 Yang Xi

机构地区：[1]北华大学历史文化学院,吉林132000

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2024年第1期31-42,157,共13页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“古代埃及新王国时期行政文献整理研究”(编号:18ZDA206)。

摘　　要：法老时代埃及奴隶广泛存在于王室、神庙和家庭中,是当时劳动力的组成部分之一,其来源主要是战俘、家生奴隶和债务奴隶。在生活中,他们可持有并继承父辈的地产,由于缺乏明确针对奴隶的法律和习俗,他们不仅能在法庭上作为目击证人,甚至还能通过同自由民结婚的方式改变身份。法老时代埃及的奴隶因其享有法律权力和向上流动的渠道而不同于其他古代世界的奴隶。这表明从社会形态而言,法老时代的埃及不是一个典型的奴隶社会,始终处于奴隶制的初级阶段。In Pharaonic Egypt,slaves existed widely in the royal family,temples and families,and were an integral part of the labor force at that time.The source of these slaves was mainly from prisoners of war,domestic slaves and debt slaves.In daily life,they can hold and inherit the property of their parents.For absence of laws and customs specifically aimed at slaves,they were not only as witnesses in court,but also by marrying to be freemen.Slaves in Pharaonic Egypt were different from other country slaves in the ancient world because of their access to legal power and upward mobility.From the angle of the social formation,Pharaonic Egypt was not a typical slave society and was always in the primary stage of slavery.

关 键 词：古代埃及 法老时代 奴隶 来源 社会地位 社会形态 

分 类 号：K411.2[历史地理—历史学]