嫦娥五号发动机降落羽流扬尘特性研究  

Nozzle plume erosion property on lunar dust in Chang’E-5 mission

作　　者：张海燕 李思新 王鹢[2] 李存惠[2] 张小平[3] 王卫东[1] ZHANG Haiyan;LI Sixin;WANG Yi;LI Cunhui;ZHANG Xiaoping;WANG Weidong(School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China;Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,CAST,Lanzhou 730000,China;State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学机电工程学院,西安710071 [2]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理国家级重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]澳门科技大学月球与行星科学国家重点实验室,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2024年第4期1251-1261,共11页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42004157);空间环境材料行为及评价技术国家重点实验室基金(WDZC-HGD-2022-08);真空技术与物理国家级重点实验室基金(6142207200202);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA743);甘肃省青年人才托举工程(GXH20210611-05)。

摘　　要：在月球探测器着陆过程中,发动机羽流与月面相互作用后溅起的月尘是月面环境危害的主要来源。本文以嫦娥五号任务测试数据作为仿真入口条件,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)两阶段法建立了嫦娥五号任务中使用的喷管1∶1模型和真空羽流扩散侵蚀模型,研究了喷管在不同降落高度下的侵蚀速率,并计算了发动机距离月面高度为0.5~2.0 m范围时月尘颗粒的运动轨迹、扬尘角和速度特性。结果表明,基于剪切应力得到的最大侵蚀速率为8.83 kg/m^(2)s,随着高度增加,侵蚀速率降低,与嫦娥五号降落相机相同高度下的分析结果一致。粒径为1、70ìm的月尘颗粒最大扬尘高度分别为0.72、0.36 m,最大速度分别为2520、1010 m/s。不同粒径月尘的扬尘角范围为1.44°~2.27°,计算的扬尘角与Apollo探月任务中的结果相近。During a lander landing,the plume-lunar surface interaction induces lunar dust ejection,which is the main reason for lunar dust hazards.The study adopts computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method to build a one-toone nozzle model and vacuum plume flow and diffusion model,through which the lunar dust erosion mass is investigated,and the lunar dust trajectory,ejection angle and velocity are obtained when nozzle altitude is from 0.5 to 2.0 m.The results show that the maximum mass erosion rate is 8.83 kg/m^(2)·s and this value decreases with nozzle altitude increase,which also is consistent with landing photo results in the Chang’E-5 mission.For lunar dust kinetic properties,the maximum velocity for 1μm and 70μm particles are 2520 m/s and 1010 m/s respectively,the maximum height for 1μm and 70μm particles are 0.72 m and 0.36 m respectively.The dust ejected angle ranges from 1.44°to 2.27°.The ejected angle calculated in Chang’E-5 mission is similar to that in Apollo mission.

关 键 词：月尘 羽流扬尘 嫦娥五号 计算流体动力学仿真 欧拉-拉格朗日方法 

分 类 号：V411.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V434.1