采动覆岩裂隙演化的光纤监测耦合性及分带表征  

Deformation zoning characterization of mining rock mass based on partition coupling optical fiber sensing

作　　者：刘奇 牛家宝[1] 李青海 赵金海[1,2] 訾建潇 LIU Qi;NIU Jiabao;LI Qinghai;ZHAO Jinhai;ZI Jianxiao(College of Energy and Mining Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Shandong Mine Disaster Prevention and Control National Key Laboratory Training Base jointly built by Province and Ministry,Qingdao 266590,China;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Building Structure and Underground Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China;Feicheng Mining Group Liangbaosi Energy Co.,Ltd.,Jining 272400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学能源与矿业工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东省矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培有基地,山东青岛266590 [3]安徽建筑大学建筑结构与地下工程安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230601 [4]肥城矿业集团梁宝寺能源有限责任公司,山东济宁272400

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2024年第3期1345-1357,共13页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904168);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR202212010234)。

摘　　要：分布式光纤感测作为科学认识采动覆岩动态演变规律的重要工具,其监测数据的准确性主要取决于光纤-岩体的耦合关系。选择神东某矿作为研究对象,将分布式光纤感测技术应用于相似模拟实验,结合光纤-岩体耦合关系,探究采动覆岩垂直分带时空演化特征与光纤应变数据峰值点位置的内在联系。针对以往研究中光纤应变数据容易受光纤-岩体耦合关系影响,从而导致测试结果出现误差的问题,提出用岩体裂隙率表征光纤-岩体耦合关系的新方法。通过光纤-岩体耦合关系试验,得到光纤-岩体应变传递系数与岩体裂隙率之间呈线性函数关系,并采用二值化方法处理模型图像获取各区域裂隙变化量,分区域地计算出采动覆岩直埋光纤的应变传递系数,为进一步探究光纤应变数据峰值与采动覆岩垂直分带特征之间的关系提供了支撑。研究表明:光纤应变峰值点位置能用于关键层下方离层以及覆岩分带表征,利用构建的关键层下方离层及覆岩分带表征模型,结合峰值检测算法,得到关键层的位置分别为44、68、107 cm,以及垮落带、导水裂隙带发育高度分别为35、68 cm,算法识别结果与理论计算数值吻合,符合神东某矿的实际情况。Distributed optical fiber sensing is an important tool for understanding the dynamic evolution of mining rock movement,and the accuracy of monitoring data mainly depends on the fiber-rock coupling relationship.In this study,the 22207 working face of the Buertai Coal Mine in the Shenmu Mining Area was selected as the research object.The distributed optical fiber sensing technology was applied to similarity model tests,combined with the fiber-rock coupling relationship,to explore the inherent connection between the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of mining-induced overlying strata vertical zoning and the peak strain data locations along the optical fiber.To address the issue of measurement errors caused by the influence of the fiber-rock coupling relationship on the strain data,a new method was proposed to characterize the fiber-rock coupling relationship using the percentage of fissures in the rock mass.Through the experiments on the fiber-rock coupling relationship,a linear function relationship between the fiber-rock strain transmission coefficient and the percentage of fissures in the rock mass was obtained.The binary method was used to process the model images and obtain the variation of fissures in each region.The strain transmission coefficients of the buried optical fiber in the mining-induced overlying strata were calculated in different zones,providing support for further exploring the relationship between the peak strain data and the vertical zoning characteristics of mining-induced overlying strata.The study showed that the peak strain data locations along the optical fiber can be used to characterize the key stratum position below and the zoning of the overlying strata.A model representing the key stratum position below and the zoning of the overlying strata was constructed.By using the peak detection algorithm,the positions of the key stratum were identified as 44,68,and 107 cm,and the development heights of the falling zone and the water flowing fractured zone were determined to be 35 cm and

关 键 词：采动覆岩 导水裂隙 关键层 光纤传感 耦合性 

分 类 号：TD745.2[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]