类型学视野下汉语量词“粒”和马来语量词“biji”的对比分析  

A Comparative Analysis of the Chinese Classifier“粒lì”and the Malay Classifier“biji”from the Perspective of Typology

作　　者：黄翠芳 Ng Chwee Fang

机构地区：[1]马来西亚博特拉大学现代语言暨传播学院

出　　处：《世界华文教学》2023年第2期189-206,共18页

基　　金：马来西亚博特拉大学Geran Putra IPM研究项目“Towards Establish A Bilingual Corpus Database Of Measure Word Between Chinese And Malay”(项目编号:GP-IPM/2018/9664900)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉语和马来语都有丰富的量词,但是两种语言量词的用法存在差异。本文借鉴量词类型学相关研究成果,对汉语常用量词“粒”和马来语常用量词“biji”进行对比分析。“粒”能计量的事物的范围比“biji”小,“粒”计量的事物必须具有[+小][+近圆]形状特征,而“biji”计量的事物只需具有[+近圆]形状特征即可。另外,“粒”能计量点状类液体、尘埃类事物,而“biji”不能。将考察范围扩展到圆形量词来看,跟汉语、泰语、印度尼西亚语、越南语相比,马来语的圆形量词没有进一步按照大小进行分类。Both Chinese and Malay languages contain a breadth of classifiers,but there are differences in usage.This paper draws on the relevant research results of classifier typology,and makes a comparative analysis of the Chinese classifier“粒lì”and the Malay classifier“biji”.The range of objects that can be classified by“粒lì”is narrower than“biji”.“粒lì”can only be used to classify small and round objects while“biji”can be used to classify objects that as long as they are“round”in shape.In addition,“粒lì”is used for classifying liquid-like and dust,while“biji”is not the case.Compared with Chinese,Thai,Indonesian,and Vietnamese,the classifier for classifying round-shaped objects in Malay is not further classified according to size.

关 键 词：类型学 量词 汉语 马来语 粒 biji 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]