松墨天牛4龄越冬幼虫响应低温胁迫的生理适应机制  

Physiological adaptation mechanism of 4-age wintering larvae of Monochamus alternatus(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)in response to low temperature stress

作　　者：刘佳奇 赵立娟 刘磊 黄瑞芬 韩有志[1] 张志伟[1,2] 崔绍朋 高瑞贺 Liu Jiaqi;Zhao Lijuan;Liu Lei;Huang Ruifen;Han Youzhi;Zhang Zhiwei;Cui Shaopeng;Gao Ruihe(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030800,Shanxi,China;Shanxi Dangerous Forest Pest Inspection and Identification Center,Taigu 030800,Shanxi,China;Biological Disaster Prevention and Control Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030800 [2]山西省林业危险性有害生物检验鉴定中心,山西太谷030800 [3]国家林业和草原局生物灾害防控中心,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2024年第4期74-83,共10页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划青年科技研究基金项目(20210302124062);山西省回国留学人员资助项目(2023-087);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L128);山西省研究生创新项目(2021Y326);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(BFUKF202119)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确松墨天牛4龄越冬幼虫响应低温胁迫的生理适应机制,为松墨天牛的科学防治提供理论依据。【方法】于2021年3月中旬于江西省德兴市采集松墨天牛4龄越冬幼虫,设置25℃(对照)、4、0、-5、-10、-15和-20℃7个温度梯度和30 min、1 h和3 h共3个时间梯度,分别测定虫体耐寒能力、耐寒物质含量、抗氧化酶活性以及低温胁迫对中肠损伤情况。【结果】(1)在过冷却点((-9.27±0.90)℃)附近,50%致死时间约为1.9 h(114.97 min),99%致死时间约为2.8 d(4061.86 min),在低于过冷却点(-15℃)的低温胁迫下,50%和99%致死时间约为-10℃低温处理下的1/4。(2)在低温胁迫处理后,4龄越冬幼虫虫体含水率变化不显著,脂肪含量和糖原质量浓度在0℃处理3 h后显著下降(P<0.05),山梨醇质量浓度在-5℃处理1 h后显著上升(P<0.05),在-20℃处理1 h后显著下降(P<0.05)。(3)低温胁迫处理后,抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性均呈显著上升趋势(P<0.05)。(4)松墨天牛4龄越冬幼虫中肠在-15℃处理3 h后中肠内壁分解,细胞之间出现空泡,-20℃处理3 h后中肠细胞破裂,细胞内容物逸散并充满整个肠腔,空泡消失。【结论】本文明确了松墨天牛4龄越冬幼虫响应低温胁迫的氧化应激生理反应,可丰富、完善松墨天牛耐寒机理研究。[Objective]This paper aims to determine the physiological adaptation mechanism of the 4-age wintering larva of M.alternatus to low temperature stress.[Method]The 4-age wintering larva of M.alternatus were collected from Dexing,Jiangxi Province of eastern China in mid-March of the 2021,and seven temperature gradients of 25℃(control),4,0,−5,−10,−15 and−20℃and three time gradients of 30 min,1 h and 3 h were set,the cold tolerance,content of cold-resistant substances,activity of antioxidant enzymes and the damage of midgut under low temperature stress were determined.[Result](1)Near the supercooling point(−9.27±0.90)℃,the 50%lethal time was about 1.9 h(114.97 min),and the 99%lethal time was about 2.8 d(4061.86 min).Under low temperature stress below the supercooling point(−15℃),the lethal time of 50%and 99%was about 1/4 of that under low temperature treatment of−10℃.(2)After low temperature stress treatment,the water content of the 4-age wintering larvae did not change significantly,the fat content and glycogen mass concentration were significantly decreased after 3 h at 0℃(P<0.05),and the sorbitol mass concentration was significantly increased after 1 h at−5℃(P<0.05),and significantly decreased after 1 h at−20℃(P<0.05).(3)After low temperature stress treatment,the activities of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD,CAT)were significantly increased(P<0.05).(4)The midgut of the 4-age wintering larvae of M.alternatus was decomposed after−15℃treatment for 3 h,and vacuoles appeared between cells.After−20℃treatment for 3 h,the midgut cells were ruptured,and the cell vacuoles escaped and filled the whole intestinal cavity,and the vacuoles disappeared.[Conclusion]This study clarified the physiological response of oxidative stress of the fourth instar overwintering larvae to low temperature stress,which could enrich and improve the study on cold tolerance mechanism of M.alternatus.

关 键 词：松墨天牛 越冬幼虫 耐寒物质 抗氧化酶系 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]