乡村创新政策演进特征及对乡村发展的启示——基于2004—2023年中央一号文件分析  

Evolution Characteristics of Rural Innovation Policy and Its Implications for Rural Development:Based on Analysis of No.1 Central Document(2004-2023)

作　　者：刘彬[1,2] 唐承丽 周国华[1] 易纯[2] LIU Bin;TANG Chengli;ZHOU Guohua;YI Chun(School of Geographical Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,Hunan,China;College of Architecture and Urban Planning&Laboratory of Key Technologies of Digital Urban-Rural Spatial Planning of Hunan Province,Hunan City University,Yiyang 413000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学地理科学学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南城市学院建筑与城市规划学院/数字化城乡空间规划关键技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南益阳413000

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第3期147-159,共13页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42371216);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ50279)。

摘　　要：聚焦“三农”问题的中央一号文件是我国乡村发展政策的顶层设计与综合体现,而乡村创新则是乡村全面振兴的重要支撑。文章以2004—2023年中央一号文件中有关乡村创新的政策为对象,运用Rost Content Mining文本分析软件和双重三维分析框架等方法总结梳理乡村创新政策的演进特征。结果表明:(1)“创新”已与“农业”“农村”“乡村”“科技”等关联词汇形成语义网络,且中心性强;(2)基于产业创新、制度创新、社会创新的三维度分析显示农业科技创新、体制机制创新、组织与服务创新一直是创新政策的重点内容;(3)基于创新主体、创新链、创新政策工具的三维度分析显示乡村创新主体日渐多元,创新链与产业链融合趋势明显,供给型、导向型、环境型3类政策工具导向效应显著;(4)乡村创新政策演进具有逐步推动、深化拓展以及优化完善的阶段性特征。最后,面向农业强国、乡村现代化建设要求,提出完善乡村创新政策体系、加强以质量为导向的乡村技术创新、推进以可持续为目标的乡村社会创新、城乡协同构建乡村创新系统等是未来乡村创新发展的要点。The No.1 Central Document which focuses on the issues of agriculture,rural areas and farmers is the top-level design and comprehensive reflection of China's rural development policy.Rural innovation is an important support for comprehensively promoting rural vitalization.This study,using Rost Content Mining text analysis software and a dual three-dimensional analysis framework,summarizes the evolution characteristics of rural innovation policies in the No.1Central Documents from 2004 to 2023.The text analysis shows that:1) The word of innovation,with a strong centrality,has formed a semantic network with agriculture,rural area,countryside,technology and other related words.2) The threedimensional analysis based on industrial innovation,institutional innovation,and social innovation shows that agricultural technological innovation,institutional innovation,as well as organizational and service innovation have always been the emphasis of innovation policy.3) The three-dimensional analysis based on the subjects of innovation,the chains of innovation,and the tools of innovation policy shows that the rural innovation subjects are becoming more diverse,the trend of the integration of innovation chains and industrial chains is obvious,and the guiding effect of three types of policy tools,namely the supply-type,direction-type,and environment-type,is remarkable.4) The evolution of rural innovation policies has the periodic characteristics of gradual promotion,deepening and expansion,as well as optimization and improvement.Facing the requirements for building a strong agricultural country and rural modernization,it is proposed that the key points for the future development of rural innovation are to improve the rural innovation policy system,to strengthen rural technological innovation with quality-orientation,to promote rural social innovation with the goal of sustainability,and to build a rural innovation system with urban-rural cooperation.

关 键 词：乡村创新政策 文本分析 演进特征 乡村发展 创新 农业、农村、农民(三农) 城乡协同 

分 类 号：F320.3[经济管理—产业经济]