行政法上信赖保护原则的具体化  

The Concretization of the Principle of Reliance Protection in Administrative Law

作　　者：王子晨 Wang Zichen

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学法学院

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2024年第2期124-139,共16页Global Law Review

基　　金：2022年度中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助“信赖保护原则的司法表达”(2022QD014)的研究成果。

摘　　要：大陆法系国家、地区普遍接纳信赖保护原则,但在实现原则具体化的模式上存有差异。根据是否以行政程序法律规范为媒介建构信赖保护原则下辖的具体制度,可以划分出两种模式:法律原则模式与程序立法模式。程序立法模式又可细分为:差别保护立法模式与一体保护立法模式。相较程序立法模式,法律原则模式更能够保持信赖保护原则基本内涵的要义与权利理论的内核,但同时也更加依赖本土的判例法资源。相较差别保护立法模式,一体保护立法模式在信赖利益的存续保护上强度更大、范围更广。经权衡学说立场、立法进程与制度资源可得,我国已然具备进入法律原则模式的基础条件,且发展法律原则模式与追求一体保护立法模式并行不悖。通过发布关于信赖保护原则的总结性指导案例,并于各行政管理领域中启动信赖保护案例的汇编工作,信赖保护原则的具体化与中国化课题可以同步攻克。The principle of reliance protection in administrative law is widely accepted in civil law countries and regions.However,little attention is paid to the concretization of this principle.The concretization of reliance protection principle is not only an inherent requirement for the practical effectiveness but also a complementary expression of the basic-principle status of this principle.A review of the institutionalization process of the reliance protection principle in civil law countries and regions shows that multiple models exist for concretizing this principle.Depending on whether it is achieved through administrative procedural legal norms,two models can be discerned:the legal principle model and the procedural legislation model.The procedural legislation model can be further categorized into the differential protection legislation model and the integrated protection legislation model.Japan serves as the typical representative of the legal principle model.Germany and the Taiwan region of China during the pre-Administrative-Procedural-Law era also belonged to this model.Germany after formulating the Administrative Procedural Law stands as a typical representative of the differential protection legislation model.The integrated protection legislation model emerges as the mainstream model for concretizing the reliance protection principle and is adopted by the post-Administrative-Procedural-Law Italy,Spain,South Korea,and the Taiwan region of China,among others.By comparing and observing different models,this article draws the following conclusions:firstly,compared to the procedural legislation model,the legal principle model better maintains the essence of the reliance protection principle but relies more on local case law resources;secondly,compared to the differential protection legislation model,the integrated protection legislation model has greater strength and a wider scope in applying the survival protection method to protect the reliance interests while placing a heavier burden on the judiciary in weig

关 键 词：信赖保护原则 信赖利益 法律原则模式 程序立法模式 行政程序法 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]