近代中国商业通信渠道的嬗变与革新——基于山西票号的考察  

Evolution and Innovation of Commercial Communication Channels in Modern China:An Investigation of Shanxi Piaohao

作　　者：周亚[1] 贾欣潮 Zhou Ya;Jia Xinchao

机构地区：[1]山西大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2024年第3期102-116,128,共16页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门“绝学”研究专项“票号民间文献释读、整理与研究”(项目编号:19VJX028)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：高效可用的通信渠道是透视近代市场信息传播的锁钥。票号前期的通信以民信局为主,并依托各城市形成了较为完整的层级体系,至光绪末年才实现“由民至官”的转换。提塘、镖局、公脚等多元化渠道折射出民间商人对经营效率的极致追求和渠道建设方面的自我努力。对票商而言,以邮局、电报为代表的信息革新是渐进式的、利弊相生的。这种变革轨迹对金融经营造成的影响表明,商业通信有其自身的复杂机制和演变逻辑,既要看到长时段变迁中因信息制度改善而带来的交易成本降低和商业效益进步,也不能忽视不同行业、地域的商人在实际使用中的具体情境以及由此作出的因应之策。Efficient and available communication channels are the key to understanding the dissemination of modern market information.The early communication of piaohao mainly relied on private post offices and formed a relatively complete hierarchical system relying on various cities.By the end of Guangxu Emperor's reign,a transition from private to state-owned post offices took place.Diversified communication channels such as titang,biaoju,and gongjiao reflect the extreme pursuit of communication efficiency in building communication channels by private businesses.The adoption of information innovations by piaohao merchants,such as post offices and telegrams,was gradual and had both advantages and disadvantages.The impact of this transformation on financial operations indicates that commercial communication has its own complex mechanisms and evolutionary logic.On the one hand,it is necessary to recognize the reduction of transaction costs and improved commercial benefits enabled by better information systems in long-term changes.On the other hand,the specific situations and actual corresponding strategies of merchants in different industries and regions must not be ignored.

关 键 词：信息传播 通信渠道 票号 大清邮政 电报 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]