慢性冷应激对舍饲蒙古牛血清代谢指标的影响  

Effects of chronic cold stress on serum metabolic indexes of Mongolian cattle fed in house

作　　者：安格尔 敖日格乐[1] 王纯洁[2] 陈浩 吴东霖 包呼格吉乐图 梁丽丽 斯木吉德[1] Angeer;AO Ri-gele;WANG Chun-jie;CHEN Hao;WU Dong-lin;BAO Hugejiletu;LIANG Li-li;SI Mujide

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学兽医学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第6期79-84,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(项目编号:2021GG0200);内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院标志性成果专项资金项目和青年基金项目(项目编号:QN202110、QT202209);鄂尔多斯市科技计划项目(项目编号:2022YY026)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究慢性冷应激对舍饲蒙古牛下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴(HPA)、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴(HPT)和交感-肾上腺-髓质轴(SAM)激素、血清免疫指标和抗氧化指标的影响。选取年龄、胎次相近的28月龄健康蒙古牛24头,根据环境温度和风速的变化,分为冷应激期与冷应激恢复期。冷应激期7 d,冷应激恢复期7 d。结果显示,冷应激期的环境平均温度为-12.5℃,牛处于冷应激状态;冷应激恢复期的牛处于非应激状态。与冷应激恢复期相比,冷应激期蒙古牛血清中促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质醇(COR)含量显著升高(P<0.05),葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著降低(P<0.05);中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶(NE)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),冷诱导RNA结合蛋白(CIRP)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和脂多糖(LPS)含量显著降低(P<0.05),白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量极显著升高(P<0.01);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,冷应激环境激活了舍饲蒙古牛HPA轴,增加了机体产热能力,以抵抗寒冷环境;在冷应激刺激下,蒙古牛体现出较强的免疫能力和维持抗氧化平衡的能力。The experiment was to study the effects of chronic cold stress on hormones of hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenocortical axis(HPA),hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis(HPT)and sympathetic-adrenal-medulla axis(SAM),serum immunity,and antioxidant indexes in house-fed Mongolian cattle.Twenty-four 28-month-old healthy Mongolian cattle with similar age and parity were divided into cold stress period and cold stress recovery period according to the changes of environmental temperature and wind speed.The cold stress period was seven days,and the cold stress recovery period was seven days.The results showed that the average environmental temperature during the cold stress period was-12.5℃,and cattle were in a cold stress state.Cattle in cold stress recovery period were in non-stress state.Compared with the convalescent period of cold stress,the serum corticotropic hormone(ACTH)and cortisol(COR)contentrations of Mongolian cattle in cold stress period increased significantly(P<0.05),while glucose(GLU)content decreased significantly(P<0.05).The contentrations of neutrophil elastase(NE),immunoglobulin M(IgM),and immunoglobulin G(IgG)decreased extremely(P<0.01),the contentrations of cold-induced RNA binding protein(CIRP),interleukin-4(IL-4),and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the contentrations of interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-2(IL-2),and immunoglobulin A(IgA)increased extremely(P<0.01).The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)decreased extremely(P<0.01),while the activity of catalase(CAT)increased significantly(P<0.05).The results showed that cold stress environment activated HPA axis of Mongolian cattle fed in house and increased heat production capacity of the body to resist the cold environment.Under the stimulation of cold stress,Mongolian cattle showed strong immunity and ability to maintain antioxidant balance.

关 键 词：蒙古牛 冷应激 激素 免疫能力 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]