杨梅栽培技术及基因组学研究进展  

Research Advances on Cultivation Techniques and Genomics of Myrica rubra

作　　者：何元浩 韩睿婷 胡凤荣[1] He Yuanhao;Han Ruiting;Hu Fengrong(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,210037)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,南京210037

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第9期3111-3118,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：江苏高校品牌专业建设工程项目(PPZY2015A063)资助。

摘　　要：杨梅属共有60多个种,中国特有种6个。作为多年生常绿果树的杨梅以其果实的独特口感和丰富的营养价值,广受国人青睐。且杨梅园林应用和药用价值兼备,具有很大的开发潜力。随着杨梅在中国栽植面积的不断扩大,栽培管理养护和病害虫害问题日趋突出,严重影响了果实的品质和当年季度的产量。因此,本研究就杨梅栽培技术和基因组学两个方向,展开对杨梅生物学特性、主栽园艺品种、苗木栽植养护、病虫害防治、基因组学及分子生物学五个方面进行综述,并着重介绍了杨梅作为非豆科植物生物学特性中独有的固氮特性,影响果实产量最严重的凋萎病防治措施以及近年来兴起的分子标记技术研究。对未来杨梅分子层面的研究发展状况进行展望,以期为杨梅种质资源开发和新品种选育提供建设性意见。The Myrica genera comprises approximately 60 species,of which 6 species are endemic to China.As a perennial evergreen fruit tree,Myrica rubra is widely favored by Chinese people for its unique taste and rich nutritional value.Myrica possessing value both in landscape application and medicinal properties,having great development potential.With the continuous expansion of the planting area of Myrica rubra in China,the problems of cultivation management,diseases and pests are becoming increasingly prominent,which seriously affect the fruit quality and annual output.In view of this,the cultivation techniques and genomics of Myrica rubra were summarized in this review,including biological characteristics,main horticultural cultivars,seedling cultivation and maintenance,disease and pest control,genomics and molecular biology.Moreover,as a non leguminous plant,the characteristics of nitrogen fixation,control of twig blight disease,which is the most serious disease affecting fruit yield,and molecular marker technology of Myrica rubra in recent years were introduced in-depth.At last,the prospect research of Myrica rubra at molecular level in the future were analyzed in order to provide constructive suggestions for the development of bayberry germplasm resources and the breeding of new cultivars.

关 键 词：杨梅(Myrica rubra Sieb.&Zucc.) 生物学特性 栽培技术 基因组学 分子生物学 

分 类 号：S667.6[农业科学—果树学]