陶寺文化壁龛墓初步研究  

A preliminary study of the niche burial of the Taosi Culture

作　　者：闫红贤 YAN Hongxian

机构地区：[1]西北大学文化遗产学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《中原文物》2024年第2期55-65,共11页Cultural Relics of Central China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“宗日遗址考古发掘资料整理研究”(批准号:17ZDA220)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：陶寺文化的壁龛墓,可分为在头端或脚端开龛、在左右两侧开龛及周壁开龛三类。从随葬品种类和特征来看,壁龛属于相对独立的葬仪空间,是陶寺社会少数人群特殊丧葬观念的表达。高等级墓葬通过开设多个规模较大的壁龛来彰显其身份和权威。陶寺文化墓葬壁龛的出现,不仅受到了黄土高原地区史前房址设龛观念的影响,也继承了豫西地区庙底沟文化晚期大型墓葬开设脚坑的葬俗。石峁文化的墓葬壁龛在形制特征、随葬品种类等方面都受到了陶寺文化的影响,这是龙山晚期黄土地带文化交流与互动在葬俗方面的重要体现。The niches found in Taosi culture tombs can be classified into three types:those located at the head or feet,those positioned at the left and right sides,and those along the peripheral wall.These niches serve as relatively independent spaces within the funeral context,reflecting the unique burial practices of minority groups within Taosi Society.Prestigious burials often feature multiple,larger niches,signifying the status and authority of the deceased.The incorporation of niches in Taosi culture tombs is influenced by both the prehistoric house niche concept in the Loess Plateau and the tradition of Miaodigou culture observed in large-scale tombs in western Henan and southern Shanxi.Additionally,the tomb niches in Shimao culture exhibit characteristics and funerary object types influenced by Taosi culture,highlighting significant cultural exchange and interaction during the late Longshan period in the loess region.

关 键 词：陶寺文化 石峁文化 壁龛墓 文化交流 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]