数字素养与农户收入:兼论数字不平等的形成  

Digital Literacy and Rural Household Income:The Formation of Digital Inequality

作　　者：王汉杰[1] WANG Hanjie

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2024年第3期86-106,共21页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“新发展阶段脱贫地区规模性返贫风险识别与分类防控机制研究”(编号:22CJY037);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金“脱贫过渡期农户返贫的形成机理与分类帮扶机制研究”(编号:21YJC790110);西南大学创新研究2035先导计划(编号:SWUPilot Plan026)的资助。

摘　　要：本文基于2021年中国农村经济与农村金融调查数据,实证考察数字素养对农户收入的影响。研究结论表明,数字素养提升能够显著促进农户收入增长。进一步机制分析发现,数字素养提升显著促进农户创业,并缓解农户信贷约束,进而实现农户收入增长。值得注意的是,这一增收效应并不具备包容性。相比高收入、高人力资本、低年龄组和男性户主的农户而言,低收入、低人力资本、高年龄组和女性户主的农户获益十分有限。上述发现印证了数字素养提升有助于实现农户收入增长,但也揭示了农村数字经济发展过程中的不平等问题。据此,本文认为新发展阶段中国数字乡村战略的推进不仅要注重农户数字素养的培育,更要加快构建乡村数字经济的包容性发展路径。This paper empirically examines the effect of digital literacy on rural household income growth based on the data of the 2021 China Rural Economy and Rural Finance Survey.The results show that the improvement of digital literacy significantly promotes the growth of rural household income.Further mechanism analysis finds that the improvement of digital literacy significantly promotes entrepreneurial activities of farmers and eases credit constraints of farmers,leading to income growth of farmers.It is worth noting that this growth effect is not inclusive.Compared with rural households with high income,high human capital,young farmers,and male heads,the benefits of households with low income,low human capital,elderly farmers,and female heads are very limited.The findings confirm that the improvement of digital literacy helps to achieve the income growth of rural households,but also reveal the inequality in the development of rural digital economy.Accordingly,this paper argues that the advancement of China’s digital rural strategy in the new development stage should not only focus on the cultivation of farmers’digital literacy,but also accelerate the construction of an inclusive development path of rural digital economy.

关 键 词：数字素养 农户收入 数字鸿沟 数字不平等 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]