风险冲击视角下革命老区农户生计韧性研究——以太行革命老区为例  

The Livelihood Resilience of Rural Households in Old Revolutionary Base Areas from the Perspective of Risk Shocks:An Example of the Taihang Old Revolutionary Base Area

作　　者：高帅[1] 程炜 唐建军 GAO Shuai;CHENG Wei;TANG Jianjun

机构地区：[1]山西大学经济与管理学院 [2]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2024年第3期107-125,共19页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“增能赋权视角下太行山区农村相对贫困的多维识别及可持续减贫研究”(编号:21BJY018)的支持。

摘　　要：提高革命老区农户生计韧性有利于巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,促进革命老区振兴发展。本文基于2022年太行革命老区实地调查数据,构建“风险冲击-生计韧性-生计韧性提升策略”理论分析框架,在健康风险冲击、市场风险冲击和自然风险冲击视角下,从缓冲能力、自组织能力和学习能力3个维度测度农户生计韧性,采用结构方程模型分析风险冲击对农户生计韧性的影响路径,并探讨提升农户生计韧性的策略。结果发现:第一,健康风险冲击对农户生计韧性影响程度最大,负向影响作用大小依次为缓冲能力、学习能力和自组织能力;第二,市场风险冲击通过影响缓冲能力、自组织能力和学习能力对农户生计韧性产生负向显著影响,三者影响作用水平相当;第三,自然风险冲击对农户生计韧性产生正向显著影响,农户在长期农业生产实践中易于形成对自然风险冲击的预期,且能够选择种植更适合当地气候的作物品种和更适宜的耕作方式,增强适应和应对能力,从而提高自身生计韧性。此外,通过不同群体农户生计韧性的异质性分析发现,在巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、全面推进乡村振兴过程中仍应进一步关注脱贫户和脱贫村农户的生计韧性。Improving the livelihood resilience of rural households in old revolutionary base areas is conducive to consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and promoting the revitalization and development of old revolutionary base areas.Based on the field survey data of Taihang Old Revolutionary Base Area in 2022,this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of“Risk shock-Livelihood resilience-Strategy to improvement livelihood resilience”to measure the livelihood resilience of farmers from three dimensions of buffering ability,self-organization ability,and learning ability from the perspectives of health,market,and natural risk shocks.The paper uses a structural equation model to analyze the impact path of risk shocks on the resilience of rural households’livelihoods,and to explore potential strategies to enhance the resilience of rural households’livelihoods.The results are as follows.(1)Health risk shocks pose the greatest impact on the resilience of rural households’livelihoods,and buffering ability endures the most negative impact,followed by learning ability and self-organization ability.(2)Market risk shocks have a significant and negative impact on the resilience of rural households by affecting buffering ability,self-organization ability,and learning ability,and the magnitudes of the three impacts are similar.(3)Natural risk shocks have a significant and positive impact on the livelihood resilience of rural households.The households are likely to form expectations of natural risk shocks in the long-term agricultural production practices,and are able to choose plant crop varieties and farming techniques that are more suitable for the local climate,so as to enhance their adaptability and coping ability and thus improve their own livelihood resilience.In addition,the heterogeneity analysis of the livelihood resilience of different rural household groups shows that further attention should be paid to the livelihood resilience of poverty-stricken households and households in

关 键 词：农户生计 生计韧性 风险冲击 革命老区 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济] F328